Pockmark

Pockmarks sind kraterartige Vertiefungen am Boden von Meeren oder Seen mit 10–700 Metern Durchmesser und bis zu 45 Metern Tiefe[1], in Einzelfällen auch bis zu 1,5 Kilometern Durchmesser und mehr als 150 Metern Tiefe.[2] Sie entstehen beim Austritt von Gasen oder Flüssigkeiten durch geologische oder menschliche Aktivität.[2][3]

Die möglicherweise größte Bedeutung könnte Pockmarks als Erdbeben-Indikatoren zukommen, da manche ein paar Tage vor großen Beben aktiv werden.[1]

Einzelnachweise

  1. ↑ a b M. Hovland, J. V. Gardner, A. G. Judd: The significance of pockmarks to understanding fluid flow processes and geohazards. In: Geofluids. Band 2, Nr. 2, 2002, S. 127, doi:10.1046/j.1468-8123.2002.00028.x.
  2. ↑ a b Matthias Forwick, Nicole J. Baeten & Tore O. Vorren: Pockmarks in Spitsbergen fjords. In: Norwegian Journal of Geology. Band 89, Nr. 1&2, 2009, S. 65.
  3. ↑ Jeffrey N. Rogers, Joseph T. Kelley, Daniel F. Belknap, Allen Gontz, Walter A. Barnhardt: Shallow-water pockmark formation in temperate estuaries: A consideration of origins in the western gulf of Maine with special focus on Belfast Bay. In: Marine Geology. Band 225, Nr. 1–4, 2006, S. 45–46, doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2005.07.011.

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