Car


Car (/zɑːr, sɑːr/ ili /tsɑːr/; Staroslavenski: ц︢рь [obično napisano tako sa naslovom ] ili car, carʹ), također napisano car, naziv je koji se koristi za označavanje istočno i južnoslavenskih monarha ili vrhovnih vladara istočne Evrope, izvorno bugarskih monarha od 10. stoljeća nadalje. Kao sistem vladavine u carstvu Rusije i Ruske imperije, poznat je kao caristička autokracija, odnosno carizam. Izraz je izveden iz latinske riječi Cezar, koja je u evropskom srednjovjekovnom smislu trebala značiti "car" - vladar s istim rangom kao rimski imperator, držeći ga uz odobrenje drugog cara ili vrhovnog crkvenog službenika (pape ili ekumenskog patrijarha ) - ali zapadni Evropljani su obično smatrali da je ekvivalentan kralju ili da je donekle između kraljevskog i carskog ranga.


Reference
- ^ Ivan Biliarsky, Word and Power in Mediaeval Bulgaria, East Central and Eastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 450-1450, BRILL, 2011, ISBN 9004181873, p. 211.
- ^ Christina Holtz-Bacha, Encyclopedia of Political Communication, Volume 1, with Lynda Lee Kaid, Christina Holtz-Bacha as ed., SAGE, 2008, ISBN 1412917999. p. 115.
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