Modi adalah seorang nasionalis Hindu dan anggota Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS).[2][3] Ia adalah tokoh kontroversial baik di India maupun di dunia internasional[4][5][6][7] akibat tuduhan keterlibatan Modi dalam kerusuhan Gujarat 2002.[7][8] Kebijakan ekonomi Modi telah dipuji karena dianggap mampu menghasilkan pertumbuhan ekonomi yang tinggi di Gujarat.[9] Namun, pemerintahannya juga dikritik karena dianggap gagal mencapai kemajuan berarti dalam pembangunan manusia.[10]
^Menon, Kalyani Devaki (2012). Everyday Nationalism: Women of the Hindu Right in India. University of Pennsylvania Press. hlm. 26. ISBN978-0812222340. Yet, months after this violent pogrom against Muslims, the Hindu nationalist chief minister of Gujarat, Narendra Modi, went to the polls and won a resounding victory
^Mishra, Pankaj (April 2011). Visweswaran, Kamala, ed. Perspectives on Modern South Asia: A Reader in Culture, History, and Representation. Wiley-Blackwell. hlm. 188. ISBN978-1405100625. The chief minister of Gujarat, a young up-and-coming leader of the Hindu nationalists called Narendra Modi, quoted Isaac Newton to explain the killings of Muslims. "Every action", he said, "has an equal and opposite reaction."
^Jaffrelot, Christophe (June 2013). "Gujarat Elections: The Sub-Text of Modi's 'Hattrick' — High Tech Populism and the 'Neo-middle Class". Studies in Indian Politics. 1.Parameter |access-date= membutuhkan |url= (bantuan)
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