Al-Akhdam

Al-Akhdam
Anak-anak Akhdam di wilayah Ta'izz
Jumlah populasi
3.500.000 (menurut sumber-sumber tak resmi)[1]
Daerah dengan populasi signifikan
Sana'a, Aden, Ta'izz, Lahij, Abyan, Al Hudaydah, Mukalla
Bahasa
Bahasa Arab Yaman
Agama
Islam
Kelompok etnik terkait
Bant, Etiopia, Nilot dan Arab Yaman[2][3][4][5][6]

Al-Akhdām, Akhdām atau Achdām (bahasa Arab: الأخدام) ("para pelayan", tunggal: Khadem, artinya "pelayan" dalam bahasa Arab; juga disebut Al-Muhamashīn (bahasa Arab: المهمشين), "kaum terpinggirkan"), adalah sebuah kelompok etnis berbahasa Arab yang tinggal di Yaman. Meskipun Akhdam adalah Muslim berbahasa Arab seperti sebagian besar orang Yaman lainnya,[7] mereka dianggap sebagai kaum paling bawah dari tangga kasta yang ditinggalkan, dipisahkan secara sosial dan kebanyakan melakukan pekerjaan-pekerjaan kasar di kota-kota besar dari negara tersebut.[8] Menurut perkiraan resmi, Akhdam berjumlah antara 500.000 dan 3.500.000 jiwa.[1]

Referensi

  1. ^ a b "Yemen's Al-Akhdam face brutal oppression". Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2014-11-29. Diakses tanggal 2013-11-29.
  2. ^ Non, Amy L.; Al-Meeri, Ali; Raaum, Ryan L.; Sanchez, Luisa F.; Mulligan, Connie J. (January 2011). "Mitochondrial DNA reveals distinct evolutionary histories for Jewish populations in Yemen and Ethiopia". American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 144 (1): 1–10. doi:10.1002/ajpa.21360. ISSN 1096-8644. PMID 20623605.
  3. ^ Richards, Martin; Rengo, Chiara; Cruciani, Fulvio; Gratrix, Fiona; Wilson, James F.; Scozzari, Rosaria; Macaulay, Vincent; Torroni, Antonio (April 2003). "Extensive female-mediated gene flow from sub-Saharan Africa into near eastern Arab populations". American Journal of Human Genetics. 72 (4): 1058–1064. doi:10.1086/374384. ISSN 0002-9297. PMC 1180338. PMID 12629598.
  4. ^ "Red Crescents: Race, Genetics, and Sickle Cell Disease in Turkey and Aden | SOAS University of London". www.soas.ac.uk. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2018-12-30. Diakses tanggal 2018-12-30.
  5. ^ de Silva Jayasuriya, Shihan (2008-11-01). "Indian Oceanic Crossings: Music of the Afro-Asian Diaspora". African Diaspora. 1 (1–2): 135–154. doi:10.1163/187254608x346079. ISSN 1872-5457.
  6. ^ Washbrook, David (2012), "The World of the Indian Ocean", Routledge Handbook of the South Asian Diaspora, Routledge, doi:10.4324/9780203796528.ch1, ISBN 9780203796528
  7. ^ "YEMEN: Akhdam people suffer history of discrimination". IRINnews. November 2005. Diakses tanggal 2015-11-28.
  8. ^ Robert F. Worth, "Languishing at the Bottom of Yemen’s Ladder", New York Times, (February 27 2008)

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