Paperfabrikado

Paperfabrikado estas la procezo fari en paperfabriko paperon, nome materialo kiu estas uzata universale nuntempe por skribado kaj pakado.
En paperfabrikado, solvita suspensio de fibroj en akvo estas drenita tra ekrano, por ke mato de hazarde interplektitaj fibroj estu fiksita. Akvo estas forigita el tiu mato de fibroj per premado kaj sekigado por fari paperon. Ekde la invento de la papermaŝino en la 19a jarcento, plej da papero estis farita el lignopulpo pro la kosto. Sed ankaŭ aliaj fibrofontoj kiaj kotono kaj tekstiloj estis uzataj por alt-kvalitaj paperoj. Unu ofta mezuro de la papera kvalito estas la enhavo de neligna pulpo, ekz., 25% da kotono, 50% da tolaĵoj ktp. Antaŭe papero estis farita el tolaĵoj kaj kanabo same kiel el aliaj materialoj.
Bibliografio
- Forest Products Laboratory (U.S.) (1953). “American woods for papermaking.” U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory
- Herbert Holik "Handbook of paper and board", Wiley-VCH, 2006, ISBN 3-527-30997-7, ISBN 978-3-527-30997-9
- Cookson, Lynda "How To Make Handmade Paper" ebook ISBN 0-9550272-0-9
- Cropper, Mark (2004). The Leaves We Write On. London: Ellergreen Press
- Lafontaine, Gerard S. (1958). Dictionary of Terms Used in the Paper, Printing, and Allied Industries. Toronto: H. Smith Paper Mills. 110 p.
- Weber, Charles G. and Shaw, Merle B. "Experimental Manufacture of Paper for War Maps," Journal of the National Bureau of Standards 37 (325-330) 1946.
- Westerlund, Leslie C "Science and Practice of Handmade Paper" ISBN 1-876141-13-1, 2004; WES
- Westerlund Leslie C. "How to Make a Papermaking Hydropulper" ISBN 1-876141-44-1, 2007; WES
- Westerlund Leslie C. "How to Make a Papermaking Press" ISBN 978-1-876141-45-5, 2007; WES
- Westerlund Leslie C. "Dictionary of Papermaking" ISBN 1-876141-24-7, 2005; WES
- Westerlund Leslie. C."How to Make a Papermaking Mould and Deckle" ISBN 1-876141-46-8, 2007; WES
- Westerlund Leslie. C. "How to Make a Papermaking Couching L'Transfer Curve" ISBN 1-876141-49-2, 2007; WES
- Westerlund Leslie. C. " How to Make Smooth Papermaking Technology" ISBN 1-876141-55-7;Westerlund Eco Services; Rockingham; W.Australia. 2008.
- Westerlund L.C., Ho G., Anda M., Wood D., Koshy K.C., (2008) Case Study of Technology Transfer to a Fiji Rural Village using an Improved 'Sustainable Turnkey Approach'. Technologies and Strategic Management of Sustainable Biosystems; First International Conference. Murdoch University. W.Australia.6a–9a de Julio 2008.
Eksteraj ligiloj
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