The volcano is constructed by lava domes, lava flows and pyroclastic flows.[1] Among its eruption products are potassium-rich dacites which show evidence of having interacted with the crust when they formed.[2] The volcano was active between 14 and 6 million years ago; as volcanism waned mafic activity started up elsewhere in the Puna.[3]
^ abRichards, Jeremy P; Villeneuve, Michael (August 2002). "Characteristics of late Cenozoic volcanism along the Archibarca lineament from Cerro Llullaillaco to Corrida de Cori, northwest Argentina". Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. 116 (3–4): 161–200. doi:10.1016/S0377-0273(01)00329-8.
^Kraemer, B.; Adelmann, D.; Alten, M.; Schnurr, W.; Erpenstein, K.; Kiefer, E.; van den Bogaard, P.; Görler, K. (March 1999). "Incorporation of the Paleogene foreland into the Neogene Puna plateau: The Salar de Antofalla area, NW Argentina". Journal of South American Earth Sciences. 12 (2): 157–182. doi:10.1016/S0895-9811(99)00012-7.