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Siemens Healthineers
Siemens Healthineers (formerly Siemens Healthcare, Siemens Medical Solutions, and Siemens Medical Systems) is a German company which provides healthcare services.[2] It was spun off from its parent company Siemens in 2017, which retains a 75% stake. Siemens Healthineers is the parent company for several medical technology companies and is headquartered in Erlangen, Germany. The name Siemens Medical Solutions was adopted in 2001, and the change to Siemens Healthcare was made in 2008. In 2015, Siemens named Bernd Montag as its new global CEO.[3][4] In May 2016, the business operations of Siemens Healthcare were rebranded "Siemens Healthineers."[5][6][7] Globally, the companies owned by Siemens Healthineers have 65,000 employees.[8] History19th centuryThe history of Siemens Healthineers started in Berlin in the mid-19th century as a part of what is now known as Siemens AG. Siemens & Halske was founded by Werner von Siemens and Johann Georg Halske on 12 October 1847.[9][10] The company formed around an invention created by Siemens called the pointer telegraph. Based on the telegraph, Werner von Siemens' new invention used a needle to point to the sequence of letters, instead of using Morse code.[11] The company, then called Telegraphen-Bauanstalt von Siemens & Halske, opened its first workshop on 12 October.[12] Eventually, the new company included electrometrical equipment and specialized in medical technology.[13][14] In 1896, only one year after Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen discovered the X-ray, Siemens produced the first industrially manufactured X-ray tubes for medical diagnostics.[15][16] 20th centuryIn Aschaffenburg, Germany, X-ray pioneer Friedrich Dessauer founded his own company, which later came to prominence under the name Veifa-Werke. The companies maintained close ties with each other, finally merging in 1932 to form Siemens-Reiniger-Werke (SRW).[17][13] Later, in 1933, Siemens introduced rotating anode tubes for X-rays that could withstand much greater electrical loads, laying the foundation for the development of modern X-ray tubes.[18] Supported by Siemens in Erlangen, Inge Edler, a Swedish physician, and physicist Carl Hellmuth Hertz were intrigued by the idea of using ultrasound technology to achieve more precise heart diagnoses. In 1953, they became the first to use the ultrasound technique for echocardiography.[15] In 1958, Elema-Schönander AB (subsequently Siemens-Elema AB) developed the first cardiac pacemaker implanted in a critically ill heart patient by surgeon Åke Senning.[15][19] In the 1960s, Siemens engineer Ralph Soldner developed the world's first "real-time" ultrasound unit, the Vidoson.[20] With this technology, technicians could view movements inside the body on a screen as they were taking place.[21][15] In 1974, The company exhibited its first tomographic image of a human head at an annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America, in Chicago. One year later, the company released its first computed tomography scanner, the Siretom.[22][15][23] In 1998, Siemens introduced the first track-based laboratory automation system, the ADVIA LabCell Automation Solution.[24] 21st centurySiemens was the first to combine positron emission tomography (PET) with computed tomography (CT).[25] By creating this hybrid imaging system, Siemens combined the PET scanner's ability to visualize biological processes of life with a CT system's anatomical image of tissues and organs. In doing so, the combination system allows a simultaneous display of anatomy and biological function. Time magazine named the Siemens Biograph, the world's first commercial PET-CT scanner, the "Innovation of the Year" in 2000.[15][26] In a similar fashion, Siemens launched the Biograph mMR in 2010, the first scanner to completely combine MRI and PET technologies.[27][28] Like PET-CT, PET-MR hybrid systems combine multiple technologies to provide a better image of the body, enabling better diagnoses, research, and treatment plans for patients. It combines precise images of body tissues from MRI with metabolic cell activity from PET.[15] In 2011, Siemens discontinued its linear accelerators for the treatment of cancer, citing cost pressures and a decision to focus on diagnostic imaging in cancer.[29][30] In May 2016, Siemens AG rebranded its Siemens Healthcare division to Siemens Healthineers as a part of its new management strategy.[31][32][33] CEO Bernd Montag introduced the name along with a five-minute celebratory dance routine performed outside the division's headquarters in Erlangen. The routine was met with ridicule; the Financial Times called it a "writhing, spandex-clad horror."[34] Multiple outlets called the new logo similar to that of Fitbit and called the rebranding a failure at large.[35][36] The name also led some people to believe that it was an article from The Onion.[37] Montag later admitted that the dance routine was a mistake.[38] In November 2017 the company announced its intention to become publicly-listed on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange in March 2018. A minority stake of up to 25% was expected to be sold at part of the IPO, which would be Germany's largest listing since the IPO of Deutsche Telekom in 1996.[39] The first day of trading was 16 March 2018, with a 15% stake sold at an initial share price of €28.00.[40] Charitable activitiesSiemens Healthineers has supported charitable giving around the world. The company has supported such programs such as the American Society for Clinical Pathology's (ASCP) laboratory student scholarships, the PATH Ingenuity Fellows mentorship program, and others.[41][42] The company has also contributed to disaster relief efforts. In response to Hurricane Katrina in 2005, Siemens Healthineers donated heart monitors and imaging equipment to Houston-area hospitals while parent company, Siemens AG, matched 100% of U.S. employee donations to the American Red Cross Disaster Relief Fund.[43] After the 2010 earthquake in Haiti, Siemens Healthineers donated medical equipment to aid healthcare workers in their efforts to help victims.[44] The company responded similarly in 2015 when a 7.8 magnitude earthquake struck Nepal. Siemens Healthineers provided the relief efforts with a magnetic resonance imaging machine in addition to the funds donated by Siemens AG.[45] Mergers and acquisitionsIn 2005, Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc. acquired CTI Molecular Imaging for $1 billion (€750 million, $20.50 per share) incorporating it into its Advanced Imaging business.[46] In 2006, the business announced it would acquire Diagnostics Products Corporation for around $1.9 billion (€1.5 billion). Established in 1971, Diagnostics Products Corporation produced immunodiagnostics and supplies for fertility diagnosis and in-vitro allergy testing, with the business being incorporated into the Laboratory Diagnostics division post-deal.[47] In the same year the company announced it would acquire Bayer's Diagnostics division, for €4.2 billion, boosting the business's offerings in a range of services for in-vitro diagnosis.[48] In November 2007, Siemens announced it would further expand its laboratory diagnostics range, via the acquisition of Dade Behring, producer of clinical laboratory equipment and products for routine chemistry testing, immunodiagnostics (including infectious disease testing), hemostasis testing, and microbiology.[49] In November 2011 the business acquired MobileMD,[50] later divesting the business in 2014 to Cerner for $1.3 billion (€970 million).[51] In September 2012 the company announced it would acquire Penrith Corporation, manufacturer of ultrasound imaging systems.[52] In November 2016, Siemens Healthineers (via Siemens Healthcare GmbH) acquired Conworx Technology GmbH, a Berlin-based developer of point-of-care device interfaces and data management solutions.[clarification needed][53] In May 2016, Siemens Healthineers expanded its molecular diagnostics portfolio with the acquisition of NEO New Oncology AG.[54] In April 2017, Siemens Healthineers expanded into radiological information systems with the acquisition of Medicalis Corporation.[55] In 2019, the business announced the acquisition of vascular robotics start-up, Corindus, for $1.1 billion (€980 million).[56] In August 2020, the business announced it would acquire Varian Medical Systems, for $16.4 billion (€13.9 billion), representing a return to radiation therapy after the discontinuation of Siemens' own linear accelerators in 2011.[57][58] After the merger Varian will continue to operate as an independent company and will retain its headquarters along with its 10,000 employees.[59][60] In August 2024, Siemens Healthineers bought the diagnostic arm of Advanced Accelerator Applications that specialises in producing radioactive chemicals used for cancer scan for more than $224 million.[61] References
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