In late 1938, the Air Ministry instructed a group of officials to go to Ouston to evaluate the possibility of building an airfield there. Unfortunately, the signal sent out by the ministry wasn't specific enough and some of the officials went to the one located a few miles southwest of Hexham. However, the intent at the time was for an airfield at the Ouston 12 mi (19 km) west of Newcastle and north of the Stanegate Roman road to Carlisle, Cumbria.[2]
Construction work was slow to begin with because the area was quite remote from communication lines and there was some opposition from the local farming community, despite the land being of quite low quality. The station was built to a fairly standard design, having a mixture of prewar-style buildings and the utility types which came later. A "J"-type hangar dominated the airfield, with the control tower situated in front of it.[3]
The station opened on 10 March 1941 as a Fighter Sector HQ under No. 13 Group RAF (13 Gp) to replace RAF Usworth, with its staff mainly being drawn from that station.[4] The station's badge was a lion rampant in front of a Roman helmet. This was influenced by the nearby Hadrian's Wall and the lion is taken from the Percy family arms (the Percys being local landowners).[5] The station motto underneath the badge was 'Persist'.[6]
In July 1941, No. 232 Squadron RAF arrived with Hurricanes and then No. 122 Sqn transferred to RAF Catterick in August 1941, leaving No. 232 Squadron which eventually left for the Middle East in November. No. 131 Squadron RAF (131 Sqn), reformed at Ouston on 20 June 1941 with a large proportion of Belgian pilots but soon moved to Catterick too.[8]
Another squadron that didn't register any kills whilst at Ouston was No. 81 Squadron RAF, which had moved in from RAF Turnhouse by early 1942. Its Spitfires returned to RAF Turnhouse five weeks later, although a further month was spent at Ouston during the early Summer of the same year.[9]
The Spitfires of No. 242 Squadron RAF were at Ouston for two weeks in May and June 1942. They were replaced by the reformed No. 243 Squadron RAF on 1 June. No. 243 Sqn became operational within a fortnight and flew coastal patrols and scrambles in defence of the North East until moving to RAF Turnhouse at the beginning of September. No. 72 Squadron RAF (72 Sqn) were at RAF Ouston briefly in the autumn of 1942 to re-equip before an overseas posting.[4]
No. 613 Squadron RAF, an Army Co-operation (AC) squadron, arrived in August 1942 flying North American Mustang Is, and exercised with local army units before departing at the beginning of March 1943.[4] It was joined for a while in August by Douglas Bostons of No. 226 Squadron RAF, who were unfortunate enough to suffer three aircraft lost through crashes on their first day at Ouston. Other unusual lodgers were the Hurricanes of 804 Naval Air Squadron from RAF Machrihanish who arrived in early June 1943 and left for RNAS Twatt on 4 February the following year.[9]
The last operational squadron to be based at RAF Ouston was No. 350 (Belgian) Squadron RAF. They spent most of June and July 1943 flying coastal and convoy patrols before returning to Acklington.[14] On 21 June 1943, No. 62 Operational Training Unit began to move in from RAF Usworth, which had been found increasingly unsuitable for its work. The unit continued to train radar operators for the night-fighter force until disbanding on 6 June 1945.[16] Ansons were used at first, but in the final months Vickers Wellingtons began to replace them.[17]
As part of the nuclear deterrent, Ouston had its 04/22 main runway extended to 6,000 ft (1,800 m) and Operational Readiness Platforms added at each end of the extended runway, for use by aircraft dispersed from their parent stations.[citation needed]
There is a possibility that racing first took place at Ouston as early as 1961, but it is certain that the Newcastle & District Motor Club organised a race meetings there on 24 June 1962, 23 June 1963 and 21 June 1964, the last named being a joint car and motorcycle event. Jackie Stewart was a competitor at the 1963 meeting driving a Jaguar E-Type; he won the race and this is believed to have been his first victory.[citation needed]
Jim Clark attended the meeting in 1964 and was driven round the circuit in an open-topped Jaguar E-Type and then presented the prizes. It is possible that this may have been the last car meeting at Ouston as Croft Circuit in North Yorkshire had reopened in 1964.[32]
In 1965, Motor Cycle magazine commented, when reporting on a motorcycle race meeting organised by the Newcastle Club held on Sunday 20 June, that there were 20,000 spectators present.[33]
^Peter Swinger, "Motor Racing Circuits in England : Then & Now" (Ian Allan Publishing, ISBN0 7110 3104 5, 2008)
^Motor Cycle, 24 June 1965, p.855 Ouston Mix-up Road race report and results table. Retrieved 24 February 2015
Bibliography
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Falconer, J (1998). RAF Fighter Airfields of World War 2. UK: Ian Allan Publishing. ISBN0-7110-2175-9.
Jefford, C G (1988). RAF Squadrons. A comprehensive record of the movement and equipment of all RAF squadrons and their antecedents since 1912. Shrewsbury: Airlife. ISBN1-85310-053-6.
Lake, Alan. Flying Units of the RAF; the ancestry, formation and disbandment of all flying units from 1912. Shrewsbury, Shropshireshire, UK: Airlife, 1999. ISBN1-84037-086-6.
Smith, David J. Action Stations 7; Military airfields of Scotland, the North East and Northern Ireland. Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK: Patrick Stephen Publishing, 1983. ISBN0-85059-563-0.