Political international

A political international is a transnational organization of political parties having similar ideology or political orientation (e.g. communism, socialism, Islamism).[1] The international works together on points of agreement to co-ordinate activity.

Political internationals have increased in popularity and influence since their beginnings in the political left of 19th-century Europe, as political activists have paid more attention to developments for or against their ideological favor in other countries and continents. After World War II, other ideological movements formed their political internationals to communicate among aligned parliamentarians and legislative candidates as well as to communicate with intergovernmental and supranational organizations such as the United Nations and later the European Union. Internationals also form supranational and regional branches (e.g. a European branch or an African branch) and maintain fraternal or governing relationships with sector-specific wings (e.g. youth or women's wings).

Although the Communist International exerted a significant amount of control over its constituent national parties, in the present day, internationals usually do not have a significant role.[2] Internationals provide the parties an opportunity for sharing of experience.[2][failed verification] The parties belonging to internationals have various organizational obligations and can be expelled for not meeting those obligations.[1] For example, during the 2011 Arab Spring the Socialist International expelled the governing parties of Tunisia and Egypt for performing actions incompatible with the values of this international.[1]

List of internationals

Current

Defunct

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c Wood, Tim (2015). "Reinforcing Participatory Governance Through International Human Rights Obligations of Political Parties" (PDF). Harvard Human Rights Journal. 28: 172. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-08-02. Party internationals bring together national political parties with similar ideologies from across the globe

    Note: Some time ago -- before July 13, 2025 -- the "original" URL
    (displayed above as "the original") stopped working (apparently because the PDF file / "web page" was moved to a different internet address -- namely https://journals.law.harvard.edu/hrj/wp-content/uploads/sites/83/2009/09/reinforcing-participatory-governance-through-international-human-rights-obligations-of-political-parties.pdf that is). But on July 13, 2025 it was discovered, thanks to some SERPs -- ["Search engine results pages"] that there was (and there still is ... if it has not 'moved' *again*, by the time you read this) now a "NEW" URL (see below) that does work correctly, without having to rely on the "archive-url" internet address (courtesy of the website "https://web.archive.org/").

    So "see also" [or, see 'instead']
    Wood, Tim (2015). "Reinforcing Participatory Governance Through International Human Rights Obligations of Political Parties" (PDF). Harvard Human Rights Journal. 28: 172. Archived (PDF) from the original on September 22, 2023. Party internationals bring together national political parties with similar ideologies from across the globe.
  2. ^ a b Day, Stephen (2006). "Transnational party political actors: the difficulties of seeking a role and significance". EU Studies in Japan. 2006 (26): 63–83. doi:10.5135/eusj1997.2006.63. While the Second International struggled to maintain a common line the story of the Communist International (Comintern) highlights an altogether different experience : an inherent organizational danger stemming from a transnational body built on asymmetrical foundations.

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