Piroplasmida
Order of parasites in phylum Apicomplexa, vertebrate hosts, tick and leech vectors
Piroplasmida phylogeny (mtDNA)[ 2]
Piroplasmida is an order of parasites in the phylum Apicomplexa .[ 3] [ 4] They divide by binary fission and as sporozoan parasites they possess sexual and asexual phases (sexual reproduction occurs in the tick gut[ 5] ). They include the tick parasites Babesia and Theileria .[ 6] [ 7]
Description
They are minute rounded or pyriform parasites found within erythrocytes, or other circulating or endothelial cells of vertebrates, where they reproduce by merogony . The trophozoite stage is separated from erythrocyte by a single membrane. This distinguishes them from other blood parasites that usually have at least two membranes.
An apical complex with a polar ring and rhopteries occurs, but without a conoid and usually without associated pellicular microtubules. They lack flagella and do not form either oocysts or spores.
The known vectors are ticks or leeches in which they undergo sporogony ; sexual reproduction probably occurs in the vector.
See also
References
^ Manwell RD (1964). "The Genus Dactylosoma". The Journal of Protozoology . 11 (4): 526–530. doi :10.1111/j.1550-7408.1964.tb01792.x . PMID 14231179 .
^ Schreeg, ME; Marr, HS; Tarigo, JL; Cohn, LA; Bird, DM; Scholl, EH; Levy, MG; Wiegmann, BM; Birkenheuer, AJ (2016). "Mitochondrial Genome Sequences and Structures Aid in the Resolution of Piroplasmida phylogeny" . PLOS ONE . 11 (11): e0165702. Bibcode :2016PLoSO..1165702S . doi :10.1371/journal.pone.0165702 . PMC 5104439 . PMID 27832128 .
^ "Definition: piroplasmida from Online Medical Dictionary" . ncl.ac.uk . Retrieved 1 January 2019 .
^ "PIROPLASMIDA; Page 1 of the families of the order; Piroplasmida" . British Towns and Villages . Retrieved 1 January 2019 .
^ Rudzinska MA, Spielman A, Lewengrub S, Trager W, Piesman J (May 1983). "Sexuality in piroplasms as revealed by electron microscopy in Babesia microti " . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A . 80 (10): 2966–70. Bibcode :1983PNAS...80.2966R . doi :10.1073/pnas.80.10.2966 . PMC 393954 . PMID 6574467 .
^ "Definition: Theileriidae from Online Medical Dictionary" . ncl.ac.uk . Retrieved 1 January 2019 .
^ "Theleriosis: The causal organism and life cycle" . animaldiseases.org . Archived from the original on 18 November 2007. Retrieved 1 January 2019 .
Archigregarinorida Eugregarinorida
Aseptatorina Blastogregarinorina Septatorina
Fusionicae (Fusionidae )
Gregarinicae (Cephaloidophoridae , Cephalolobidae , Didymophoridae , Gregarinidae , Hirmocystidae , Metameridae , Uradiophoridae )
Porosporicae (Porosporidae )
Stenophoricae (Acutidae , Amphiplatysporidae , Brustiophoridae , Cnemidosporidae , Dactylophoridae , Leidyanidae , Monoductidae , Monoicidae , Sphaerocystidae , Stenophoridae , Trichorhynchidae )
Stylocephaloidea (Actinocephalidae , Stylocephalidae )
Blabericolidae
Neogregarinorida