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a stomatal aperture is called an "ostiole". Ostium (disambiguation) Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ostioles. Fletcher, R.L. 1987. Seaweeds of...

columns (instead of a single column) and has multiple ostioles instead of a single, apical ostiole. Until 2017, the genus was thought to be monotypic with...

florets on its inner surface. It is closed off from most organisms by the ostiole, fringed by scale-like bracts. Syconia can be monoecious or functionally...

by orange staining that can be seen on cut wood, and it has protruding ostioles. The fungus was originally described as Sphaeria tinctor by mycologist...

2005 and is distinguished by their flat, disk-like rings encircling the ostioles (hence the annulo- prefix). The stromata (fruiting bodies) of A. annulatum...

species is distinguished by its eccentric (not centrally positioned) red ostioles (the openings of the fruiting bodies). Its ascospores are 3-septate, meaning...

large, papilliform (nipple-shaped) ostioles—openings through which spores are released. The surface of these ostioles is granular and opens radially. The...

part elevated above and covered with orange pigment, apical and fused ostioles, the absence of lichexanthone, a clear hamathecium, eight-spored asci,...

tissue of the bark, below the thallus surface. They have convex, black ostioles (pores) that are surrounded by a yellowish-white ring of pruina. The ascospores...

for its deeply immersed ascomata (fruiting bodies) with distinctive red ostioles (openings). The ascospores (spores produced in the asci) are 3-septate...

species is distinguished by the white rings that encircle the tiny openings (ostioles) on its fruiting bodies. It produces ascospores divided into five segments...

the fig can specify the pollinator it wants includes the diameters of ostioles compared to the head widths of the respective wasp species. While the fig...

columns (instead of a single column) and has multiple ostioles instead of a single, apical ostiole. The fungus was originally described as a variety of...

surface, accessible only through a small opening at the apex called the ostiole lined by bracts. Inside the syconium, numerous tiny unisexual flowers line...

2016. It is characterised by its immersed pyriform ascomata with lateral ostioles and bent, muriform ascospores. Astrothelium curvatum was formally described...

sometimes only slightly raised from the surface, with multiple scattered ostioles that were hemispherically prominent and matched the thallus colour, except...

through a small natural opening (the ostiole) and deposits her eggs in the cavity. Forcing her way through the ostiole, the mated mature female often loses...

appendages are adapted to the host fig species, with for instance spiraled ostioles matched by spiral mandibular appendages. Agaon Dalman, 1818 Alfonsiella...

another to plug the ostiole of the subgall, utilizing their specialized morphology. In a study by Kurosu et al. (2005), of 173 ostioles examined, 90.8% were...

single-seeded (true) fruits line its interior surface. A small opening or ostiole, at the apex of the fruit, is a narrow passage that allows the specialized...

characterized by simple, thick-walled, black perithecia with papillate ostioles, and spherical chambers containing a cellular mass that becomes powdery...

characterized by the presence of lichexanthone exclusively around the ostioles. The lichen has a dull, dirty ochraceous gray thallus, covering up to 15 cm...

covering). In overall appearance it resembles a Pyrenula species with lateral ostioles, but differs by having thin, branching (anastomosing) hamathecial filaments...

Zopfiella ebriosa is characterized by small and asymmetrical asci, presence of ostioles, and possession of germ slits. This fungus' species epithet ebriosa from...

reproductive organs. They are situated in the receptacle and open by a small ostiole. Conceptacles are present in Corallinaceae, and Hildenbrandiales, as well...

to Biscogniauxia marginata. There are usually several sulcate (grooved) ostioles per fruiting body. Microscopic features are: "Asci clavate, p. sp. 35–40...

rearranged and the glands end up in the metathorax, opening laterally through ostioles between the mesothoracic and metathoracic pleura. The Coreidae generally...

in appearance, but, unlike A. nigrocacuminum, that species has apical ostioles and stroma that fluoresce when lit with a long-wavelength UV light. Flakus...

many pycnidia the spores are released through a small opening called an ostiole. Pycnidia are defined by their shape rather than by evolutionary relationships...

2–0.4 mm in diameter) with black walls. They have flat ostioles, rather than conical ostioles that are typical of the genus Pseudopyrenula. The ascospores...

90–125 by 25–30 μm. The species epithet refers to the red colour in the ostioles. Thin-layer chromatography revealed the presence of an anthraquinone that...

temperatures. When conditions improve, the amoeba can emerge through the pore or ostiole at the center of the cyst. N. fowleri has been observed to encyst at temperatures...

Arthroderma. Perithecia are flask shaped structures opening by a pore or ostiole (short papilla opening by a circular pore) through which the ascospores...

wall of a flask-shaped cavity, and the spores are discharged through an ostiole. Closed ascomata may have a reduced or poorly differentiated hymenium,...

each contains 2–25 ascomata with separate ostioles; internally they are filled with yellow crystals. The ostioles are apical, single, and black. The hamathecium...

be distinguished by its scattered growth on decaying wood, its singular ostiole, and yellow subiculum. Index Fungorum USDA ARS Fungal Database v t e v...

Perithecia: Asci are in flask-shaped ascoma (perithecium) with a pore (ostiole) at the top. Cleistothecia: The ascocarp (a cleistothecium) is spherical...

the thallus. Each verruca has a thick, smooth margin and several pale ostioles (small openings) (about 3–8), which are conspicuous and slightly sunken...

Fig wasps such as Ceratosolen sp. pollinate the flowers by entering the ostiole, which is flat or slightly sunken. The mature syconium measures about 3...

The walls of the ascomata are only carbonised (blackened) above. The ostioles are eccentric and dark grey. The hamathecium, the tissue between the asci...

(Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), with videos of dorsal packet loading and mealybug ostiole function. Insecta Mundi. 1–11. Yan, Y.; Wang Y, Liu, X.; Winterton, S....

partly fused outer walls but separate, apical pore-like openings (ostioles). The ostioles are coated with a red dusting (pruina), while the thallus itself...

clusters of 2–7 with fused ostioles (openings). The walls of the ascomata are completely carbonised (blackened), and the ostioles are lateral (located on...

red), an additional rust-red anthraquinone on the outside, partly fused ostioles, and larger, more septate ascospores. The thallus is corticate, with a...

columns (instead of a single column) and has multiple ostioles instead of a single, apical ostiole. It has also been called "salt-shaker earthstar". The...

1–4 mm; each contains several groups of fused ascomata with joined ostioles. The ostioles are off-center, fused and black. The hamathecium is clear and not...

layer of asci which contain the ascospores. The asci elongate into the ostiole, and discharge the ascospores outward. The spore distribution is a lengthy...

ossicul- ōscen ōscin- songbird oscine ostium osti- ostiary, ostiolar, ostiole, ostium †ostiolum ostiol- otium oti- leisure negotiable, negotiate, negotiation...

fertile part of the stroma is the head. The head is granular because of the ostioles of the embedded perithecia. The perithecia are ordinally arranged and ovoid...

phialides at their inner lining, and have several openings known as ostioles. The ostioles release conidia that are unicellular, hyaline, or oval shaped. Phoma...

charcoal-like), usually simple or aggregated in predictable ways, and ostioles may be apical or lateral depending on species. The genus Anthracothecium...

and ostioles (inhalent pores) projecting. The osculi are a few millimetres wide and are yellowish-green or light brown with pale rims. The ostioles are...

differentiated from the otherwise similar Astrothelium megaspermum by its eccentric ostioles and the count of ascospores per ascus. Astrothelium longisporum is recognised...

Resembling round puffballs with raised, brightly colored spore openings (ostioles), elevated on a thick, gelatinous stalks, species have been collected in...

fused walls but separate ostioles (openings). The walls of the ascomata are completely carbonised (blackened), and the ostioles are apical (at the top)...

vase. The conidia are released through a small opening at the apex, the ostiole.[citation needed] Acervular conidiomata, or acervuli, are cushion-like...

the thallus squamules, rather than being grouped into pseudostromata. Ostioles are apical, single and black. The hamathecium is not inspersed with oil...

flask-like structures sunk in the thallus or substrate so that only the pore (ostiole) shows at the surface as a tiny dot. They lack an involucrellum (the extra...

main body (thallus) with small holes for the spores to emerge, similar to ostioles, or are fully above and lecanorine (spore bearing discs surrounded by a...

visible from above by black ostioles between the thallus warts. The ascomata wall is carbonised and up to 50 μm thick. Ostioles are eccentric and brown....

surface. The ostioles (pores through which spores are released) are punctiform (dot-like) and pale in colour, with typically one to two ostioles per verruca...

They are surrounded by two crescent-shaped cells at right angles to the ostiole. The epidermis bears simple one- to three-celled warty hairs, and small...

(Potaro-Siparuni region, Guyana). Characteristics of the lichen include its fused ostioles, lack of lichen products, and ascospores that have seven septa and dimensions...

apothecia that are 1–2 mm in diameter. Between two and four point-like, black ostioles (pore-like openings through which the spores escape) are on each apothecium...

columns (instead of a single column) and has multiple ostioles instead of a single, apical ostiole. The fungus was described from Brazil in 2017 as a result...

(25–40 μm) ascospores than have a distinct septum in the middle, and the ostioles (pores) of its ascomata. Flakus, Adam; Kukwa, Martin; Aptroot, André (2016)...

spherical, and 0.3–0.5 mm across, with pale-brown, apical pore-like openings (ostioles). The sterile tissue inside (hamathecium) is not filled with oil droplets...

touch side-by-side but are not completely fused. The pore-like openings (ostioles) are apical and black, and the sterile tissue inside (hamathecium) is not...

low-conical, and usually 0.7–1.0 mm across, with brown pore-like openings (ostioles) at the apex. The sterile tissue inside the fruiting body (hamathecium)...

bodies are smooth, sometimes wrinkled in the middle, mature have many ostioles. Microscopic traits Apothecia dimensions (18–) 22–30 × 6–9 μm, narrowly...

prominent, unpigmented internally, and entirely covered by the thallus. Ostioles are apical, brown, usually set in a small depression, and encircled by...

easily. The surface looks smooth but has a rough texture. White ringed ostioles are scattered across the surface and may be more clustered in some parts...

tip, and about 0.4–0.6 mm across. The apical, black pore-like openings (ostioles) are flat to slightly depressed and lack pruina in the canal. The sterile...

a thallus layer, about 1–1.5 mm in diameter, and without pigmentation. Ostioles are apical, consisting of exposed carbonized, black ascoma wall, about...

a flask-shaped type called perithecia where the spores escape through ostioles. The asexual anamorphic stage was given the genus name Monocillium, now...

form cysts that are double-walled and present unique structures, namely ostioles and operculae (crescent-shaped), in the cross sections of walls. Its species...

of perithecia, which have a conspicuous black involucrellum around the ostioles. The ascospores of Staurothele drummondii number two per ascus. They are...

above the thallus. The wall is black all around, up to about 50 μm thick. Ostioles are apical, flat, dark brown, and often surrounded by a pale brown ring...

that discharge ascospores through a small opening at the top, known as an ostiole. Cleistothecia stay entirely sealed until their walls break open or decay...

perithecial fungi, meaning that they discharge their ascospores through an ostiole. Spores do not germinate easily, needing a treatment of temperature, chemicals...

The walls of the ascomata are carbonised (blackened) all around. The ostioles (openings) are apical (at the top), black, and protrude through the thallus...

cells and a clearly delimited dark brown collar around the ostiole (opening). The ostiole, measuring 6–8 μm wide when mature and wet, is surrounded by...

typically grouped in clusters of 2–10, and feature side openings (lateral ostioles) that are often fused together. Each ascus contains eight ascospores that...

immersed in the thallus. The wall is carbonized and up to 70 μm thick. Ostioles are apical to eccentric, not fused, erumpent, brown, and chimney-like....

are pyriform and arranged with 2–8 chambers joined with eccentric, fused ostioles. Typically, 3–10 fused ascomata are grouped within one pseudostroma. The...

bodies (ascomata) are of the trypethelioid type, with pore-like openings (ostioles) at the apex; they occur singly or in irregular clusters and measure 0...

structures) are immersed in the thallus, with black, punctiform (point-like) ostioles. The conidia (asexual spores) are bacilliform (rod-shaped) and measure...

structures, are of the trypethelioid type, characterised by their apical ostioles (small openings). These ascomata are generally found either solitarily...

periosteum, synostosis osti- entrance Latin ostium ostiary, ostiolar, ostiole, ostium ostrac- shell Greek ὄστρειον (óstreion), ὀστρακίζω (ostrakízō)...

by a very delicate, transparent perithecium, marked above by impressed ostioles; nuclei somewhat globose, containing cellular vesicles. Thallus cartilaginous-membranous...

this. Pollinator-specific volatile attractants are released through the ostioles of ripe figs and in the case of F. burtt-davyi attract only adult female...

at the top of the puffball sloughs away, revealing a pre-formed hole (ostiole) in the endoperidium, through which the spores can escape. In young puffballs...

immersed-erumpent ascomata that have an exposed blackish area around their ostioles; the presence of two ascospores per ascus, and the dimensions of the spores...

by ascomata (sexual fruiting bodies) that have a distinct opening (an ostiole) and by dark, thick-walled ascospores whose surfaces are coarsely net-like...

emergent from the thallus. The wall is carbonized and up to 40 μm thick. Ostioles are apical, not fused, flat, and black. The hamathecium is inspersed with...

fungus is perithecial, meaning its fruiting body is flask-shaped with an ostiole through which its ascospores are released. It is mostly epiphytic, and...

the branches. The cystocarps are borne, usually singly. with a narrow ostiole from which carpospores are released. The tetraspores occur in spiral series...

bark tissue. The wall is carbonised, up to approximately 80 μm thick. Ostioles are eccentric and fused, with a flat, white-pruinose appearance, surrounded...

pigment in their ostioles. All species lack a cortex, and have conical to pyriform ascomata with eccentric (i.e., not placed centrally) ostioles. Sometimes...

periosteum, synostosis osti- entrance Latin ostium ostiary, ostiolar, ostiole, ostium ostrac- shell Greek ὄστρειον (óstreion), ὀστρακίζω (ostrakízō)...

pseudocyphellae. Pycnidia occur in great numbers on tubercles with conspicuous ostioles. It is not known to produce any secondary metabolites. Pseudephebe pubescens...

characters of the family are medium-sized rounded ascomata with a papillate ostiole (spore ejecting hole), a relatively wide, coriaceous peridium (protectivve...

only known to occur in similar habitats in Bolivia. The pseudostromata ostioles (pores) have nearby white spots that contain lichexanthone; this is a lichen...

densely arranged bodies that sit exposed on the lichen surface with separate ostioles appearing as tiny black dots. The species is found in tropical and subtropical...

have been observed; their discs are deep green, matching the dark-green ostioles (pore openings) of the flask-shaped asexual structures (pycnidia). Pycnidia...

pseudostroma is hemispherical, about 1 mm in diameter, and lacks pigmentation. Ostioles are apical, protruding, brown, and surrounded by a distinctive whitish...

These are minute rounded spore bearing structures with tiny holes, or ostioles, for the release of sexual spores (ascospores). The perithecia are embedded...

thick; it does not react to staining with potassium hydroxide (KOH–). The ostioles, located at the apex of the ascomata, are black and similarly do not react...

apically, with one to four greyish to blackish, punctiform to papillate ostioles. The thalline exciple is hyaline and has few large crystals that persist...

flask-shaped, sessile or partly immersed in the thallus, with a single opening (ostiole) and enclosed by a distinct wall. Megalotremis biocellata Aptroot (1991)...

to five, and are largely immersed in the bark tissue. The area of the ostioles contains lichexanthone, a lichen product that causes these structures to...

and are almost completely embedded in the host tissue. The ascomata have ostioles (openings) at the top, and are arranged in small dark brown colonies with...

covered by an olive-green thallus layer up to a shared ostiole near the center. The ostioles are fused and eccentric (positioned to one side), forming...

exposed and darkened. Each ascoma bears separate, eccentrically positioned ostioles. Internally, the hamathecium is clear, lacking oil droplets or other inspersions...

polycarpic. The apothecia have 1–6 blackish grey to jet black punctiform ostioles, which are small spore-releasing openings. The thalline exciple is transparent...

two to five, usually immersed in the bark tissue as pseudostromata. The ostioles of the ascomata contains lichexanthone, a lichen product that causes these...

wall is dark brown all around, with a thickness of up to about 40 μm. Ostioles are apical, not fused, flat to convex, and brown. The hamathecium is not...

crystals and shows no reaction with potassium hydroxide solution (K–). The ostioles are brown, skewed laterally, and point in various directions. They similarly...

and are covered by an olive-green thallus layer up to the shared ostioles. The ostioles are fused and eccentric, forming one to several shared openings...

(pseudogalls). The fruiting bodies (ascomata) are trypethelioid and open through ostioles at the top. They are often packed together, sometimes forming diffuse pseudostromata;...

The lower wall of the ascomata is poorly developed or absent, while the ostioles are often sunken and encircled by a pale whitish ring. The asci are mostly...

outline. The wall of the ascomata is carbonized and up to 40 μm thick. The ostioles are eccentric, fused, flat, pale brown, and surrounded by a whitish zone...

that contain strings of many tiny ascomata; from above, only minute black ostioles (pin-prick openings) are visible. Internally, the fruiting body wall is...

outline. The wall of the ascomata is carbonised and up to 80 μm thick. Ostioles are eccentric, fused, flat, pale brownish, white-pruinose, and surrounded...

high, and are covered by a whitish thallus layer up to the shared ostioles. The ostioles are fused and eccentric, forming one to three shared openings near...

to Pertusaria leioplaca, noting its distinct rose-pink to rosy-scarlet ostioles, which are small and either slightly or barely sunken into the apothecia...

partly covered by yellow pigment. The wall is black and up to 50 μm thick. Ostioles (openings) are apical, not fused, flat, and white. The hamathecium does...

200 μm thick and uniformly carbonized, showing no reaction to KOH (K–). The ostioles, situated at the apex of the ascomata, are brown and similarly unreactive...

with a yellow stroma, perithecia that are ovoid, thin, and black, and ostioles that are papillate and black." The species epithet carolinianum refers...

containing bark tissue. The wall is carbonised and up to about 80 μm thick. Ostioles are apical, not fused, flat, ochraceous to brown, and surrounded by a whitish...

The wall of these structures is carbonised, up to 40 μm thick, with the ostioles (openings) located at the top, remaining separate, flat, and black in colour...

lichen thallus. As they mature, the pycnidia develop broad, black openings (ostioles) through which spores are released. The cells that produce the spores (conidiogenous...

contains crystals inside. The wall is carbonized and up to 60 μm thick. Ostioles are apical, not fused, flat, and brown. The hamathecium is inspersed with...

surface; in the field these are revealed only by pinpoint black pores (ostioles) arranged in irregular lines. Internally, the spore-bearing layer (hymenium)...

lichen and mostly colourless, except for a brown area around the opening (ostiole). The asexual spores (conidia) are ellipsoidal in shape. Ecologically,...

erumpent, solitary ascomata measuring 0.3–0.5 mm in diameter, with an apical ostiole. The hamathecium is not inspersed, and the ascospores number 8 per ascus...

reticulum), and orange on the surface but unpigmented internally. The ostioles are apical, pale brown, and encircled by a roughly 0.1 mm whitish ring...

elongate pseudostromata, usually with eccentric to lateral (rarely apical) ostioles. The pseudostromata are 1–10 mm long and 1–3 mm wide, immersed to erumpent...

muriform ascospores, but differs in having smaller spores, apically placed ostioles, and lacking the gall-like thallus bumps seen in A. megacrypticum. The...

from orange to blue-green — has been reported within a population. The ostioles (openings of the external efferent system) of the metathoracic scent glands...

pycnidia punctuate the filaments; they are ≤0.15 mm wide with dark-green ostioles and release rod-shaped conidia 2.5–4 × 1–1.5 μm. Field material can be...

All pages with titles containing Ostium Pore (disambiguation) Foramen Ostiole This set index article includes a list of related items that share the...

specimens, but there are immersed, spherical pycnidia with brownish-black ostioles. The conidia are filiform and measure around 10 to 12 by 1 μm. The cortex...

measure 0.4–0.8 mm in diameter and which have a single, inconspicuous ostiole. The ascospores, which number 2 per ascus, are smooth and fusiform (spindle-shaped)...

pseudocyphellae, and black ascomata often found in groups on two to six, with fused ostioles. It has irregularly submuriform ascospores with simple end locules. The...

bodies are perithecia—minute, flask-shaped chambers with a broad opening (ostioles) that may sit on top of the structure or off to one side. They occur singly...

Their only connection with the outside is through a small pore called ostiole. Monoecious figs like F. aurea have both male and female flowers within...

be mono- or polycarpic and have one or two brownish black, punctiform ostioles (openings) that are delimited by a thin, translucent rim. The thalline...

somewhat off-centre, and usually occur in groups of 2–5 that share common ostioles (openings). The perithecia are immersed in low, wart-like pseudostromata...

perithecia may be almost completely covered by thallus units. The opening (ostiole) through which spores are released is inconspicuous or appears as a pale...

granules through the hyaline cortex around the ostiole. The wall is black all around, up to 50 μm thick. Ostioles are apical, not fused, flat, black, and surrounded...

singly, immersed in the bark tissue, and have a one-sided (eccentric) black ostiole. The lichen does not react with any of the standard chemical spot tests...

perithecia occur at a density of about 30 per square centimetre. The openings (ostioles) are inconspicuous, tiny, dark, and slightly depressed, measuring about...

ochraceous to grey colours and have beaked, topmost openings known as ostioles. Within the ascomata, ascospores (fungal spores) are present. They are...

spherical to pyriform structures that emerge from the substratum. The ostiole, or opening of the ascomata, can be apical to lateral, brown to black,...

without anthraquinones. Cinereorufa-green may be detectable around pycnidial ostioles and in damaged apothecia but is otherwise inconspicuous. Within Blastenia...

Absorbing nutrients from surroundings via osmosis. True of all fungi. ostiole 1.  A cavity ending in a pore at the neck of a perithecium (ascocarp) of...

are abundant on the pseudostromata. The area around and including the ostiole of the ascomata contains lichexanthone, a lichen product that causes these...

similar species, but in that species, lichexanthone only occurs in the ostiole, not the entire pseudostroma. "Astrothelium lucidostromum Aptroot". Catalogue...

discharge, unlike related genera. The pycnidia have blue-green to green-black ostioles. While originally suggested to belong in the Umbilicariaceae due to its...

the lumina, but differs in having ascomata that sit on the surface with ostioles at their apex. List of Pyrenula species Aptroot, André; Diederich, Paul;...

six with a shared ostiole and smaller ascospores, whereas the Pyrenula chilensis specimens had singular ascoma with their own ostioles and larger ascospores...

immersed in the bark tissue, and measure 0.3–0.5 mm in diameter. Only the ostioles are visible from above; these are strikingly bright red and about 0.1 mm...

irregularly confluent, erumpent to prominent, and are whitish around the ostioles. "Astrothelium sanguineoxanthum Aptroot". Catalogue of Life. Species 2000:...

through a perithecium of Thrombium epigaeum: a dark, pigmented wall encloses radiating hyaline paraphyses, with the ostiole at the apex. Scale bar = 20 μm....

covered by a whitish surface layer and may develop on the thallus galls. The ostioles are lateral and fused, with one to several shared openings that are papillate...

called pycnidia, which are tiny, flask-shaped bodies with an opening (ostiole) that may be pale or darkened. The cells within these pycnidia that generate...

5–10 by 3–5 μm and are produced in pycnidia with wide open, crater-like ostioles. The species also produces pycnidia similar to others in the genus, with...

ascomatal walls are carbonized (blackened) and up to about 80 μm thick; the ostioles (pores) are apically situated, black, and concave. Astrothelium sipmanii...

has a leathery texture and is either semi-immersed, allowing only the ostioles to be visible, or covered with a blackened pseudoclypeus. These structures...

through the surface and appears dark greyish. They have separate, lateral ostioles and measure about 0.5–0.7 mm in diameter and up to about 1 mm high. The...

Minas Gerais, Brazil. This species is distinguished by its reddish-brown ostioles and its similarity in ascospore characteristics to the genus Pyrgillus...

hymenium (the spore-producing layer) often contains sterile areas. The ostioles (openings through which spores are released) are matt black to pale yellow-brown...

a pathway that indicates the ascomata are mostly single with an apical ostiole. It is then separated from similar Anthracothecium species by its ascus...

surface without excrescence. The shape of the top of the perithecium called ostiole has a characteristic slitlike opening. They grow either on very top of...

immersed, densely clustered, and measure 0.34–0.60 mm in diameter, with ostioles up to 0.17 mm wide. The involucrellum is very wide-spreading and contains...

of roughly 20–80 per square centimetre. The openings of the perithecia (ostioles) appear dark, are either flat or slightly depressed, and measure 20–80 μm...

diameter and about 0.4 mm high; the perithecial wall is reddish inside. The ostioles (openings) are apical, single, black, and protruding, about 0.1 mm in diameter...

holding up their heads and antennae next to the opening of the syconium (the ostiole—where the actual attractive substances come from). If a wasp detects the...

tissue, while the upper portions expose the dark gray-brown perithecia. The ostioles are separate and apical, appearing from above as black dots about 0.05–0...

involucrellum, a protective external tissue seen in some lichens. Their openings (ostioles) are pale-coloured and relatively wide, measuring about 30–50 μm across...

wall of the ascomata is carbonized all around, up to 100 μm thick. The ostioles are eccentric, fused, flat to convex, black, and surrounded by a dull grey...

characterised by leaf spots that have a greyish central area spotted with black ostioles (pores) through which spores are expelled. The mycelium of the fungus grows...

cylindrical, long conical. Texture soft. Perithecia 0.1-0.3 mm diam. Ostioles minutely papillate. X. culleniae are recorded growing on Cullenia exarillata...

anthraquinones in the thallus and apothecial margin, black-pigmented pycnidial ostioles, and a dark olive-green cortical pigment (cinereorufa-green; epithecium...

are hemispherical, black and somewhat immersed in the thallus, with an ostiole at the top and long-celled pseudoparaphyses. The asci are narrowly cylindrical...

chambers are joined together and share fused, slightly off-center pores (ostioles). These joined ascomata form small pseudostromata (a compact tissue mass...

hamathecium (the tissue between the asci) that contains granular material, and ostioles (pore openings) that are often positioned off-centre. List of Pyrenula...

brown with a paler, slightly sunken centre where one to several pore-like ostioles open to the outside. Inside the perithecia, the hymenium is densely filled...

ascomata are between pear-shaped (pyriform) and egg-shaped (ovate). They have ostioles and sharp-pointed setae, which give the genus Tyrannosorus its name. The...

medulla; and the structure of the immersed ascomata, which have separate ostioles and are covered by the thallus. "Astrothelium lucidomedullatum Aptroot"...

ellipsoid, the apex is flat or concave. Seven to twelve ribs towards to ostiole. At maturity, whitish to yellowish dots appear on the fig. The individuals...

measuring about 17–21 × 4–5 μm. Pycnidia are common and immersed with black ostioles; conidia are long, thread-like and gently curved, about 9–11 × 1 μm. Spot...

erumpent, solitary ascomata measuring 0.2–0.4 mm in diameter, with an apical ostiole. The hamathecium is inspersed with oil droplets, and the ascospores number...

immersed in the thallus. astomate Also astomous. Lacking an opening, or ostiole. astrothelioid Referring to a type of ascospore morphology prevalent in...

These have rounded tops, rarely depressed, with inconspicuous openings (ostioles). Inside, the spore-producing sacs (asci) each contain 8 spores and measure...

immersed in the thallus and measure 250–275 by 130–150 μm in diameter. Their ostioles are small, slightly depressed, and range from pale to dark red-brown in...

and covered by a layer of fungal tissue. The reddish-brown to cherry-red ostioles (openings) of the perithecia are visible on the surface. The asci within...

ascospores and by ascomata (fruiting bodies) that open through separate, apical ostioles. More recent molecular work suggests that these morphological boundaries...

Collema based on the obovate pseudoperithecia with punctiform (point-like) ostioles and the absence of sporidia, noting only rigid structures. The assigned...

lichen body or grow on its surface. These perithecia have small openings (ostioles) through which spores are released. The spores are produced in sac-like...

which are immersed in thalline warts, are up to 2 mm in diameter with an ostiole up to 0.5 mm wide. Ascospores number 2 or 4 per ascus (sometimes 6); they...

about 50 micrometres (μm) thick. Each ascoma has a small apical pore (ostiole) that is flat to concave and grey. Internally, the hamathecium is clear...

solitary ascomata with diameters ranging from 0.2 to 0.4 mm and an apical ostiole. The hamathecium is not inspersed, and the ascospores number 8 per ascus...

have fused walls (a "parmentarioid" arrangement). The shared opening (ostiole) is lateral and black, with red pruina (a surface "dusting") that can extend...

pyriform and black, measuring approximately 0.1 mm wide and 0.2 mm high. The ostiole has partly brown and partly hyaline septate setae that measure between...

structures is granular, measuring 0.3–0.95 mm in diameter. The pores (ostioles) through which spores are released are inconspicuous, translucent, and...

hydroxide solution (KOH–). Each structure has a brown apical opening (ostiole) and contains cylindrical club-shaped sacs (asci) with eight irregularly...

reproductive structures) are immersed in the thallus with colourless walls and ostioles, producing bacilliform (rod-shaped) conidia. The photobiont (algal partner)...

1.0–1.4 mm in diameter and are only visible from above by their black ostioles (openings) which are positioned at the apex. The hamathecium (sterile tissue...

known as perithecia, each opening outward through a small pore (ostiole). The ostioles are often raised slightly above the surface, becoming especially...

ostioles (pores through which spores are released) are punctiform (dot-like) and dark, measuring about 100–200 μm across, with typically one ostiole per...

measuring between 0.4 and 0.6 mm in diameter, and are black in colour. The ostioles are apical or slightly off-centre, dark brown with a pale dot in the centre...

zobelii, by its smaller, more symmetrical ascospores, and the lack of an ostiole is also the main character used to distinguish Microthecium from the otherwise...

the maritima group, such as the dark green colouring of the pycnidial ostiole (the pore of its asexual reproductive structures) and a net-like arrangement...

diameter, with a spherical centrum that is erumpent and solitary. The ostiole is apical, and the hamathecium is inspersed with oil droplets, featuring...

and special cell walls (distosepta). Around the fungus's opening (the ostiole), there are simple (unbranched), unsegmented hair-like growths (setae)...

house asexual conidia which are readily released from pycnidia through the ostiole when enough moisture is present. Perithecia are also flask-shaped, but...

ascomata is dark brown all around, and measures up to 40 μm thick. The ostioles are apical, not fused, flat to convex, and brown. The hamathecium is not...

The wall is black all around, with a thickness of up to about 30 μm. Ostioles are apical, not fused, flat, and dark brown, often surrounded by a pale...

ascospores with 0–5 transverse septa; and relatively large pycnidia with gaping ostioles. Chemically, the genus is distinctive in always producing xanthones or...

in soil and dung. The fungus is distinguished by a darkened collar-like ostiole around the ostiolar pore, giving the fungus its name. The fungus is highly...

near the apices of the branches. Cystocarps are globular with a small ostiole. Tetrasporangia are arranged in short lateral branches. Generally to be...

long in Niebla) that produces conidia, which escape through an opening (ostiole) at the top and function in reproduction, asexually or sexually Bungartz...

in shape, and occur either singly or in clusters. These pycnidia have ostioles and are composed of a wall made of angular cells. The conidiogenous cells...

with two-celled pycniospores, which later are ejected from the pycnidial ostiole. Additionally, the stroma will produce a peg of interwoven mycelium. These...

waxy-membranaceous and coloured nature of the perithecia, which possess simple ostioles, in contrast to the horny-carbonaceous and black perithecia found in Verrucaria...

rounded when viewed from above, and feature a small triangular opening (ostiole) approximately 9 μm wide. This opening is surrounded by a dark brown collar...

They are immersed, partly immersed or superficial, ostiolate (having an ostiole, a small hole or opening), papillate (covered with or bearing papillae...

one to five septa and are 8-120 μm long. Setae mostly occur around the ostiole, but may grow anywhere on the pycnidium. Pycnidiospores are hyaline, oblong...

200–250 μm wide, which may form small swellings with minute, dark speck-like ostioles. The conidia are mostly bacilliform and measure about 6–8 × 1 μm. Chemically...

thin thallus and distinctive black, clustered perithecia with multiple ostioles. Lithothelium is a genus of crustose lichens, meaning its thallus—the main...

extended to the sides or bent down. The metathoracic scent gland has an ostiole with a peritreme and a deep furrow. The sutures on the underside of the...

roughened, and the upper part is commonly split by lengthwise cracks. The ostiole (opening) may be hard to see or more evident and can extend into a short...

long in Niebla, that produces conidia which escape through an opening (ostiole) at the top and function in reproduction, asexually or sexually World Botanical...

by a thallus layer, about 1.5 mm in diameter, and without pigmentation. Ostioles are apical, depressed, and brown. The hamathecium is inspersed with oil...

small groups, immersed, semi-immersed to superficial and ostiolate. The ostiole is periphysate. The peridium (the outer wall of a sporangium) is 2-layered...

brown rim tissue (proper exciple) is often visible through the opening (ostiole). Each ascus contains eight colourless ascospores that are somewhat muriform...

up to 2 mm in diameter. The wall is black and up to about 60 μm thick. Ostioles are eccentric, fused, flat to convex, and brown to black. The hamathecium...

almost closed and then become perithecioid (flask-like) with a small pore (ostiole). The disc is medium brown and deeply concave, with a paler, raised margin...

strongly pleated or wrinkled. He also noted that what he interpreted as ostioles (openings) begin as minute convex points and, with age, become small, urn-shaped...

pyriform (pear-shaped), and hyaline, measuring 50–80 μm in diameter. The ostiole (opening) of each perithecium is centrally located, appearing as a black...

pruina. The wall of the ascomata is barely carbonised (blackened). The ostiole, or opening, is apical and black. The hamathecium, the tissue between the...

an olive-green layer of thallus tissue except at the ostiolar area. The ostioles are apical to slightly irregularly oriented and appear as black dots about...

globose or globose-depressed, 250-500 μm in diameter, lacking an opening or ostiole, of yellow color, fragile, densely covered in yellowish brittle hairs of...

4–0.6 mm in diameter; they are covered by the thallus with only a black ostiole (pore) visible. The ascospores are hyaline and muriform (i.e., divided...

fruiting bodies) occur singly or in small groups that may share a common ostiole (opening). They are usually covered by the green thallus, either almost...

with ascomata immersed in the bark substrate, opened by small holes (ostioles) measuring 0.7–1.2 mm in diameter. The ascospores, which number two per...

shaped like flattened spheres when mature. Atop the ascomata are openings (ostioles) that are 20–30 μm wide and that protrude from the surface. After the ascomata...

of its ascomata, the spore-producing structures, which possess apical ostioles (openings at the top). These ascomata can be found either singly or in...

roughly 0.3–0.8 mm across and 0.2–0.4 mm high, and each has a tiny black ostiole (opening) that may be edged by a small grey to brown ring that sometimes...

2 mm in diameter, and fully covered by the thallus except for a brown ostiole about 0.1 mm wide. Ascospores are consistently 3-septate, hyaline, fusiform...

pycnidia (asexual reproductive structures) are immersed with raised black ostioles, producing bacilliform conidia measuring about 3.5 by 0.8 μm. Ikaeria serusiauxii...

production) that can be found either singularly or clustered together. The ostioles are positioned either at the apex (top) or eccentrically (off-centre)....

remarked that the apothecia seemed peridiate and he could not find a true ostiole, drawing an analogy to Mycoporum within the byssoid lichens of his time...

unlike pyrenocarpous lichens, Rimularia lacks the small pore-like openings (ostioles) typical of that group, and unlike Mycoporum and Acarospora, it does not...

observed, but pycnidia are common and immersed with a punctiform (dot-like) ostiole. Conidia are bacilliform, measuring approximately 3 by 1 μm. The secondary...

emergent from the thallus. The wall is carbonised and up to 40 μm thick. Ostioles are apical, not fused, flat, and black. The hamathecium is inspersed with...

dark brown when moist, and feature a white conidial mass surrounding the ostiole. The primary identifying feature of N. annellidica is the presence of pycnidial...

small apothecia; they are 0.1–0.4 mm wide, with dark brown to blackish ostioles, and produce slender, bacilliform conidia about 5.5–6.5 × 1 μm. In standard...

remain separate and each keeps its own tiny pore (an apical, pale brown ostiole). Internal tissues are clear (the hamathecium is not inspersed). Each ascus...

pseudostromatum typically has a single group of fused ascomata, thus a single ostiole (opening), which is black and eccentric (off-centre). The internal tissue...

imperceptibly with the stroma, while the top is perforated by a minute pore (ostiole) through which spores are released. Inside the perithecium a crowd of slender...

and 0.3–0.5 mm in diameter. Each has a minute pore at the top (an apical ostiole), which can appear whitish to black. Internally, the hamathecium (the gelatinous...

pseudostroma. The wall is carbonized all around, up to about 70 μm thick. Ostioles are eccentric, fused, and flat, with a brown colour. Hamathecium is densely...

at maturity to expose a smooth endoperidium with a single apical pore (ostiole). The fruit bodies may be attached to the ground by fine rhizomorphs that...

70–100 μm diameter, apical depression and a minute, medium to dark brown ostiole. The ascomatal wall is dark olive-brown to almost black, 50–90 μm thick...

hemispherical in shape and measure between 0.3 and 0.85 mm in diameter. The ostioles (pores in the reproductive structures) are conspicuous and translucent...

fusiform, measuring 4.5–6 by 1.3–2 μm, and are often seen extruding from the ostiole. The thallus and apothecia of Micarea viridileprosa test C+ (red) in spot...

The males also chew holes through the walls of the fig and open up the ostiole (a small opening at the apex of the fig), allowing the females to escape...

which the dark ascomata appear grey-brown, with a black, 0.1–0.3 mm wide ostiole. Ascospores consistently have nine septa, and measure 65–75 by 10–13 μm...

in additional detail, tracing its development and the formation of the ostiole (pore) through which it discharges its ascospores (remaining within their...

membranous pyrenium, at first lutescent then opening to a rounded black ostiole. It has numerous elliptical and hyaline spores or varying size. The fungus...

fruiting bodies), with an exciple (outer wall) that is pale except around the ostiole (opening). The asci (spore-containing structures) are cylindrical in shape...

tissues of their host plants. The chambers have a characteristic opening (ostiole) that allows spores to be released, functioning rather like tiny biological...

hemispherical, black, and about 0.2 mm in diameter, with a tiny apical pore (ostiole) that is also black. The internal tissue (hamathecium) is clear and colourless...

Their only connection with the outside is through a small pore called ostiole. Monoecious figs like F. maxima have both male and female flowers within...

they occur singly, although occasionally 2 or 3 will fuse together. The ostioles have an off-center (eccentric) placement. The lichen contains lichexanthone...

in diameter with a spherical centrum that is erumpent and solitary. The ostiole is apical or partly lateral, and the hamathecium is not inspersed with...

hydroxide and may turn violet with nitric acid, especially around the opening (ostiole). The cells that produce conidia (conidiogenous cells) develop from the...

bodies (ascomata) are produced singly, each with a small apical pore (ostiole). Inside, the hamathecium is colourless (hyaline) but contains scattered...

diameter, with a spherical centrum that is erumpent and solitary. The ostiole is apical, and the hamathecium features filaments that profusely anastomose...

red pigment, and each perithecium has a tiny, black, centrally placed ostiole (opening). Under the microscope, the threads between the spore-producing...

or superficial, papillate or with a central rarely eccentric neck. The ostiole is periphysate (having short, thread-like filaments that line the opening)...

scattered. They are superficial, black, and pyriform (pear-shaped), with an ostiole (a small apical opening) but no distinct neck, measuring about 135–220...

such as P. circumfiniens based on spore features and by differences in ostiole position and endospore development. The species epithet triangularis alludes...

that helps distinguish the species in the field. Around the tiny pore (ostiole) at the top, numerous slender filaments (periphyses) 15–25 μm long form...

together so their sides partly fuse, but each retains its own opening (the ostiole), which is at the tip and appears yellowish. Inside, the tissue between...

1 mm tall, and opens via a small, brownish, papillate ostiole about 0.1–0.2 mm across; the ostiole may be apical or somewhat off-center. The excipulum is...

brownish-white layer that contrasts with the surrounding thallus. The ostioles are separate and apical, papilliform, and appear as whitish translucent...

warted surface and one to several internal chambers. Each stroma bears an ostiole (a minute pore) lined with periphyses—fine sterile hairs that fringe the...

irregular area around the ostiole (the opening). The walls of the ascomata are completely carbonised (blackened), and the ostiole is apical (at the top)...

thallus. The species is mainly characterized by its laterally positioned ostioles. Similar immersed perithecia occur in Megalotremis biocellata and Megalotremis...

in color under reflected light with a round/oval-like shape and have an ostiole that is sparsely covered in white/buff aerial hyphae. The perithecial wall...

inside) or by raindrops. In the latter case, the fruit bodies develop an ostiole (apical hole) through which spores are puffed out by the pressure of raindrops...

largely embedded within the host lichen tissue, with only the small opening (ostiole), about 5 μm in diameter, visible at the surface. The wall of the ascomata...

diameter, have a spherical centrum that is mostly covered by the thallus. The ostiole is apical and usually surrounded by a ring. The ascospores number eight...

submerged. The wall is thin and fragile and is yellow to brown, with a short ostiole. Pycnidiospores are 1.4–3.2 x 1.0–1.6 μm, spherical or ellipsoidal, hyaline...

structures (perithecia) that release spores through a small top pore (an ostiole). They are initially immersed in the bark, soon become emergent, and can...

warts that are dark within and have an entire membranous rim around the ostiole; he again recorded it from the bark of field elm (Ulmus campestris). The...

are typically solitary and either immersed or erumpent, with a distinct ostiole. The exciple has a clear border between the outer and inner layer, while...

diameter, with a spherical centrum that is erumpent and solitary. The ostiole is apical, and the hamathecium contains large oil droplets. There are eight...

erumpent. As the ascomata age, the wall expands up to 0.2 mm sideways. The ostiole is apical, and the hamathecium is inspersed. The ascospores number 6–8...

fruiting bodies with a small pore (ostiole)—which may occur singly or in tight groups that can merge; their ostioles may remain separate or become confluent...

pale pink excipulum, initially closed, later opens via a ragged pore (ostiole). Ascospores typically number eight per ascus (sometimes only four are...

immersed in the bark tissue. The wall is carbonised and up to 80 μm thick. Ostioles are eccentric, fused, raised, and dark brown, and surrounded by an ochraceous...

are covered by a carbonised (blackened) involucrellum with individual ostioles, and are clypeate in shape. The exciple, transitioning in colour from pale...

receptive syconium of a male fig tree through a small opening called the ostiole. Once inside, she lays her eggs individually inside the modified ovaries...

globose and sessile, with a covering of short black hairs; an opening (ostiole) is present but the internal supportive tissue (hamathecium) is essentially...

layers), and up to 100 μm thick. Each ascoma has a convex, apical pore (ostiole) that is black. Internally, the hamathecium is filled with yellow oil droplets...

thallus. The perithecial wall is thick and entirely devoid of crystals. The ostiole at the centre appears as a black depression. The hymenium contains numerous...

partially-immersed, single, black and white-pruinose ascomata with eccentric, beaked ostioles, a distinct hamathecium, hyaline, amyloid, small somewhat muriform ascospores...

measure 75–95 by 40–60 μm, are urceolate (jug-shaped), and have a black ostiole (opening). The conidia (asexual spores) of this species are bacilliform...

long in Niebla, that produces conidia which escape through an opening (ostiole) at the top and function in reproduction, asexually or sexually World Botanical...

arranged parallel to the surface and is typically darkened around the pore (ostiole) where spores are released, while the lower portion remains pale to slightly...

brick-like cells, and short sterile filaments (periphysoids) line the ostiole. The hymenium is 150–200 μm tall; within it run simple, unbranched paraphyses...

the hymenium) is pale except for the pale to pale brown area around the ostiole. Ascospores are colorless, and usually simple, although in rare instances...

spherical to egg-shaped structure, the endoperidium, topped by an opening, the ostiole, covered by fragments of tissue that form a small pointed beak (a peristome)...

square cells arranged in radiating rows. Around the spore-releasing pore (ostiole), there are 5–8 converging bristles called setae that measure 13-22 μm...

morph: Ascomata perithecial, pyriform (pear-like), astromatic, immersed. Ostiole periphysate. Peridium hyaline with ostiolar region appearing light brown...

solution (KOH–). Each perithecium has a small black opening at the top (ostiole), which also remains unchanged in KOH chemical tests. Internally, these...

to 0.4 mm in diameter. The wall is pale and lacks periphyses, while the ostiole is orangish and darker than the ascoma wall. The hamathecium comprises...

at a time. When young they lie buried in the host, with just the pore (ostiole) peeping out; at maturity they rise slightly above the surface and measure...

flask-like perithecia that release spores through a small top pore (an ostiole). They are dispersed, low-hemispherical structures about 0.6–0.8 mm wide...

spermatangial branches on a cylindrical axis. Cystocarps are oval with a narrow ostiole. The tetraspores cells divide to forms cells in fours, these occur in a...

covers only the upper half of the perithecium, and a tiny, depressed pore (ostiole) at the top. Internal tissues show an iodine-positive (I+) red-brown reaction...

dark brown fungal filaments (hyphae) and have a small opening at the top (ostiole) for spore release. The wall of the perithecium (peridium) is thin and...

colourless. When mature, the fruiting bodies develop a distinct opening (ostiole) anout 25 μm wide. Inside, the fungus produces cylindrical asci (spore-containing...

uneven, olive-green thallus. Its ascomata occur solitarily, have an apical ostiole, and measure 0.7–1.5 mm in diameter. Ascospores number 4 to 8 per ascus...

in groups of 2 or 3, completely covered by a thalline layer up to the ostiole, giving them a light greyish-green to yellowish-green appearance. Microscopic...

homaleoides) that produces conidia, which escape through an opening (ostiole) at the top and function in reproduction, asexually or sexually Bungartz...

diameter. These are black, flat-topped, and often slightly elongated. The ostiole (pore through which spores are released) is located at the apex and brown...

immersed in the thallus, and measure 0.2–0.36 mm in diameter, and have an ostiole (pore) that is often inconspicuous. The exciple (the ring-shaped tissue...

scattered across the surface, immersed in the thallus with a protruding ostiole that is 60–100 μm in diameter. All lichen spot test reactions are negative...

pseudostromata, and have walls up to 100 μm thick. Each has a concave apical pore (ostiole) that is brown. The hamathecium is clear and colourless, without oil droplets...

separated from other members of the genus mainly by its lateral (eccentric) ostioles. Similar-looking perithecia occur in Megalotremis biocellata and Megalotremis...

lichens) that is globose to egg-shaped and bears a small nipple-like pore (ostiole). As the tissue weathers, the dark perithecial top becomes exposed and...

and base, often displaying a dilute brown colouration at the opening (ostiole). The protective outer covering of the perithecium (involucrellum) is well-developed...

part, and up to 50 micrometres (μm) thick. Each has a small apical pore (ostiole) that is convex and brownish grey. Internally, the hamathecium is filled...

into the thallus, with multiple transverse folds or pleats that cause the ostiole to gape open. He noted that the subiculum (underlying fungal tissue) is...

1–0.2 mm high. Their surface is smooth (glabrous), with a flat top. The ostiole—a small opening through which spores are released—is located at the top...

perithecia: small, black, flask-like structures with a single pore (an ostiole) at the top. They are carbon-rich and brittle, smooth to slightly warty...

instead develop plentiful immersed pycnidia—minute pustules whose gaping ostioles release tear-drop-shaped conidia. Chemically the genus is characterised...

the ascomata (fruiting bodies), except for a prominent black opening (ostiole). The ascospores are 3-septate, meaning they are divided into four sections...

mostly colourless walls but show a dark green zone around the opening (the ostiole) that gives a red reaction with nitrite. Inside, chains of cylindrical...

the lichen surface; they appear tan-coloured spots with orange to brown ostioles immersed in the thallus. The pycnidia produce straight, rod-shaped conidia...

2–0.5 mm in diameter and 0.2–0.7 mm high. The spore mass occurs in the ostioles as dark brown mazaedia (where the ascus walls break down to leave a dry...

immersed within the thallus to prominently displayed on the surface. The ostioles, or small openings that allow the release of spores, can be located at...

uniform, and up to 60 μm thick. Each ascoma has an apical, unfused pore (ostiole) that is flat and black. The hamathecium is clear. The asci contain eight...

distinct flat top. The sides may be uneven or have protrusions (bosses). The ostiole, or opening, of the perithecia may be visible as a small pit. The involucrellum...

separate supportive structure. These structures have a single, black opening (ostiole) at the top through which spores are released. The internal structure (hamathecium)...

The ascomata lack setae (hair-like structures) around their opening (ostiole). Inside the ascomata, the fungus produces narrowly obclavate (inversely...

laterally fused groups of 1–5 that share their walls; the minute pore (ostiole) is lateral, black, and often encircled by a pale roughly 0.1 mm halo visible...

structure, brown to grey in colour, slightly flattened, and have a depressed ostiole (the pore at the top through which the spores are released). Trypetheliopsis...

diameter, featuring a solitary, spherical centrum that is erumpent. The ostiole is apical, and the hamathecium is interspersed with oil droplets, with...

carbonised, hard outer layer. The opening of the ascomata, known as the ostiole, is typically at the top but occasionally found on the side. The involucrellum...

irregularly to form a cup-shaped (cupulate) structure, though the opening (ostiole) through which spores typically release is often not noticeable or completely...

Afrotropical, Indomalayan and Australasian realms. Adults enter through the fig ostiole, a narrow, bract-lined passage, then pollinate and attempt to oviposit...

perithecia—flask-shaped ascomata that open by a minute pore (the ostiole). In most species the ostiole is apical; it is lateral in P. lateralis. Perithecia are...

the species' "parathelioid" fruiting bodies: perithecia whose pore (the ostiole) opens on the side rather than at the top. In overall appearance it resembles...

either along the lobe edges or on the lamina, each opening through a pale ostiole to release rod‑shaped or needle‑like conidia. Thin-layer chromatography...

trypethelioid: each has a single chamber that opens through an apical pore (ostiole). They are arranged in diffuse, pseudostromatic clusters, about 0.2–0.3 mm...

covered by a thin, non-carbonized red-pigmented layer; the pore at the top (ostiole) is flat and about 0.1 mm wide. The internal tissue between the spore sacs...

(200–350 μm long) that produces conidia, which escape through an opening (ostiole) at the top and function in reproduction, asexually or sexually, appearing...

with a distinctly flat apex; the wall thickens markedly around the apical ostiole. The hamathecium comprises very thin, sparsely anastomosing paraphysoids...

structures) 90–160 μm across. Young pycnidia have a pin-point (punctiform) ostiole (opening), which often becomes markedly enlarged with age; they sit on...

ascomata, which are immersed in the thallus and have only an area around the ostiole that is visible; and ascospores (numbering four per ascus) that lack a...

slightly protruding (subconical) perithecia about 0.2 mm across, the ostiole depressed; asci usually contain eight colourless, oblong-ovoid spores,...

structures that release conidia (asexual spores) through a blackened opening (ostiole). The pycnidia may be located on the surface of the thallus or at the ends...

oogonium is a female gametogonium. oomycetes (adj. oomycetous) oospore ooze ostiole (adj. ostiolate) overwinter pandemic papilla paragynous parasexualism parasite...

ascomata with a perithecioid morphology–more or less rounded, with an ostiole. They are black and shiny and protrude slightly from the surface of the...

primarily aggregated, with a carbonised wall and eccentric, fused, and conical ostioles covered by an orange pruina. The hamathecium of the species is inspersed...

plant debris. There is an irregularly shaped (and often torn) opening (ostiole) at the top of the fruitbody, usually 1–2 mm in diameter. The inside of...

1 mm in diameter, which aggregate in groups of 2 to 5 that share a common ostiole. The ascospores are hyaline, ellipsoid in shape with three transverse septa...

45–95 μm long, and about 12 μm wide at the base. A tiny central pore (the ostiole) pierces the top, allowing mature spores to escape. Beneath the hairs,...

basally flattened and upright or lying obliquely or horizontally. The ostiole is periphysate (having short, thread-like filaments that line the opening)...

barrel-shaped, 0.1–0.15 mm in diameter, and chamois-coloured with a wide ostiole. The conidia are narrowly ellipsoid to bacillar, non-septate, colourless...

about 1.0–1.8 mm wide, with a hard carbonized wall (exciple) and an apical ostiole. The tissue between the spore sacs (hamathecium) is clear; asci are slender...

bodies sometimes feature short setae (hair-like structures) around the ostiole (opening). The asci (spore-producing structures) are bitunicate (having...

such as P. circumfiniens based on spore features and by differences in ostiole position and endospore development. This species produces smooth, yellowish‑brown...

smooth. Immersed pycnidia (asexual reproductive structures) have a black ostiole (opening). Measuring 12–20 by 0.7 μm, the conidia (asexual spores) are...

blackened material) and ostiolate, meaning they have a small opening (ostiole) for spore release. Surrounding the perithecia is a hardened outer covering...

flask-shaped asexual structures) are about 0.1 mm across with a brown ostiole; they release rod-shaped conidia 2.5–3.5 × 1 μm. The shining filaments...

bluish grey when tested with potassium hydroxide. A small area near the ostiole (opening) often displays a dark dull violet colouration. The centrum (inner...

contains crystals and can be up to about 200 μm thick, while the apical ostiole (opening) is brown to black. Under the microscope, the hamathecium (tissue...

and not covered by the thallus, measuring 0.5–0.7 mm in diameter. The ostiole is apical, brown to black. The hamathecium is inspersed with many orange...

flask-shaped, measuring up to 130 millimetres (5.1 in), including a short ostiole. Its asci are 8-spored, hyaline and cylindrical, while the ascospores are...

are fully immersed in their containing pseudostromata. The point-like ostioles (pores) atop the ascomata are flat and black. The ascospores produced by...

apical ostiole (the spore-release pore) visible at the surface. Each ascoma measures 0.2–0.4 mm in diameter and has a dark to reddish-brown ostiole. The...

diameter, with a spherical centrum that is erumpent and solitary. The ostiole is apical, and the hamathecium is inspersed, featuring filaments that profusely...

pycnidial; its mycelium being uniloculate and non-papillate, with a central ostiole. Paraphyses are hyaline and cylindrical. Conidiophores are absent in this...

dimensions are typically in the range 98.5−117 by 74−103 μm. A 12 μm-diameter ostiole provides an opening for the release of abundant conidia, which themselves...

and very small (around 60–100 μm in diameter), with a rather irregular ostiole. The pycnidial wall is relatively thick, composed of several layers of...

pseudostromata). Each fruit body has a tiny pore at the top (an apical ostiole) through which the ascospores are released. Internally, the fruit body...

that partly erodes with age. Each perithecium has a vertical, pale-brown ostiole (opening) about 0.1–0.2 mm wide, raised on a papilla up to about 0.2 mm...

epithecium. Slender, unbranched paraphyses thread the hymenium, while the ostiole is lined with short, spine-tipped periphysoids. Each fusiform ascus (70–80...

the spherical head are immersed under a hard cortex. The heads have an ostiole (opening) that appears as a small dot on the culm surface. The ascomata...

varying in colour from pale to dark brown. The opening of the ascomata, or ostiole, is surrounded by periphyses, hair-like structures that help protect and...

measure 0.15–0.32 mm in diameter, and have a dark, flat, inconspicuous ostiole (pore). The exciple (the ring-shaped tissue layer surrounding the hymenium)...

conidia (asexual spores), which are ellipsoid in shape, and the opening (ostiole) of these structures is black. In terms of reactions to standard chemical...

Each perithecial wall is about 20 μm thick and ends in a tiny black pore (ostiole) for spore release. Inside, a pale ochre matrix of slender filaments (the...

diameter. Pycnidia (asexual reproductive structures) are few, with an ostiole (opening) that is orange and more or less immersed, though indistinct....

diameter and 1–2 mm deep, with a carbonised wall and a pale brown, depressed ostiole. The hamathecium is not inspersed with oil droplets. The ascospores are...

flesh is buff colored, with a firm texture that later becomes woody. The ostioles (minute openings through which spores are released), which are scattered...

structures are ringed by upright, fringe-like hyphae around the pore (ostiole) and usually release one type of conidium: a very slender, thread-like...

These pycnidia are simple and spherical with a punctiform (point-like) ostiole. The conidiophores within are branched, with somewhat cylindrical, enteroblastic...

pseudostromata. Each ascoma releases spores through a pin-point pore (ostiole) that may sit at the top or off to one side and can fuse with neighbouring...

spore-wall is microrugulate. Pycnidia are punctiform, immersed, with a brown ostiole. The conidia are bacilliform, measuring 8–10 by 1 μm. The medulla contains...

slightly shiny surface that may be smooth or slightly roughened. The opening (ostiole) appears pink-grey in immature specimens but becomes black as the perithecia...

ejected into air currents, granted by the long beak and narrow restricted ostiole of the perithecium and the expulsion of spores from high  internal pressure...

The ascomata are flask-shaped (perithecial), with a small hole called an ostiole at the top of each. The ascomata are shiny and black in color, and are...

in diameter. The wall of the ascomata is brown, and KOH negative. The ostioles are pale brown and apical. The hamathecium is not inspersed. The ascospores...

within the thallus and can be located on the margins or lamina with a pale ostiole. The conidia are rod-shaped with a slightly enlarged apex. No lichen products...

into the ostiole. The peridium is 9–13 μm thick, made of 4–5 layers of ellipsoidal cells, occluded by melanin, especially around the ostiole, to form...

cellular structure. The papilla (tip) of the perithecium has a distinctive ostiole (opening) lined with filamentous structures called periphyses that are...

and 0.3–0.5 mm in diameter, each with a tiny pore at the top (an apical ostiole). Inside, the hamathecium is colourless but contains scattered oil droplets...

cupuliform), 20–40 micrometres (μm) in diameter, and possess a small pore (ostiole) through which spores are released. The wall of each conidioma is 5–8 μm...

These structures are 0.25–0.3 mm in diameter and have a small opening (ostiole) at the top. The outer wall of the fruiting body is made up of a network...

immersed in the areoles or become sessile. They are spherical with a wide ostiole (opening), and their wall contains the same violet-reacting pigment. Conidia...

of the rays remain attached to a basal cup. The spore sac contains an ostiole, a small opening near the apex. The mature fruiting body may be up to 6 cm...

magnification. These structures are positioned around a small opening (ostiole), which serves as an exit point for spores, and they are typically found...

innate (embedded) within protruding thalline areoles, with a denuded black ostiole and impressed ostiolar region, while the perithecium and other parts (including...

ascomata are mostly immersed within the thallus, revealing a single, black ostiole. Ascospores are hyaline, submuriform, containing eight main locules and...

cells arranged parallel to the surface; it is often darkened around the ostiole—the pore through which spores exit—while the lower portion ranges from...

conceptacle. The antheridia are liberated first through a pore called the ostiole and accumulate around it in an orange mound. The ripe oospheres are then...

near the base) that produces conidia, which escape through an opening (ostiole) at the top and function in reproduction, asexually or sexually Bungartz...

diameter, and have a narrow pore only 0.05 to 0.1 mm wide. Surrounding the ostiole (the apothecial opening), there is a broad zone that is red-brown to purplish...

pear-shaped, measure 150 to 190 by 100 to 130 μm, and have a slightly black ostiole (opening). The conidia (asexual spores) are bacilliform (rod-shaped), measuring...

Pycnidia are about 0.15 mm in diameter and are blackish brown around the ostiole. In standard chemical spot tests the thallus is negative for C, K, KC,...

per square cm on the thallus surface. The opening of the perithecium (ostiole) ranges from pale to dark in colour, is depressed below the surface, and...

immersed in the thallus and covered by a layer of thallus tissue. The ostiole (opening) of the perithecium appears as a small, reddish-brown to cherry-red...

adult female wasps to locate host figs. Female wasps enter figs through ostiole. Wiebesia pumilae pollinate fig flowers and lay eggs inside their ovules...

immersed or superficial. They are subglobose (in shape), ostiolate (having an ostiole, a small hole or opening), papillate (covered in small hairs), subcarbonaceous...

fruiting bodies (perithecia—flask-shaped structures with a tiny pore, the ostiole) occur singly or in small groups. They are black, partly to wholly covered...

carbonised wall in which the exciple and involucrellum are integrated. The ostiole is small and centrally placed. Under the microscope the paraphyses are...

they are nearly spherical (globose), with only a faint surface pore (the ostiole) visible. Nylander compared the species with Thelenella modesta but distinguished...

tissue (i.e. not in pseudostromata). A minute pore at the top (an apical ostiole) serves as the spore exit. Inside, the jelly-like matrix (hamathecium)...

growth), coriaceous (leather-like, stiff but flexible), ostiolate (having an ostiole, a small hole or opening), periphysate (having short, thread-like filaments...

long in Niebla, that produces conidia which escape through an opening (ostiole) at the top and function in reproduction, asexually or sexually Reference...

near the base) that produces conidia, which escape through an opening (ostiole) at the top and function in reproduction, asexually or sexually Bungartz...

sort of hair (i.e., they are glabrous). The opening of the ascomata, or ostiole, is not very distinct and contains long, hyaline (translucent) periphysoids...

exciple ranges from translucent (hyaline) to pale brown in colour. The ostiole (the opening through which spores are released) measures 10–25 μm wide...

These structures are black, often with red areas around the opening (ostiole), and contain a characteristic red slime. The conidia (asexual spores)...

flattened. When young, each pycnidium has a small, pinpoint-like opening (ostiole). As it matures, this opening can enlarge to the point where it becomes...

near the base) that produces conidia, which escape through an opening (ostiole) at the top and function in reproduction, asexually or sexually Bungartz...

in the thallus, and measure 0.12–0.27 mm in diameter, and have a dark ostiole (pore) that is often inconspicuous. The exciple (the ring-shaped tissue...

described as sessile and conical-to-hemispherical, with a small, blunt ostiole at the apex. He recorded colourless, spindle-shaped spores, with 6–8 spores...

yellow-orange to reddish-brow (in colour). They are also ostiolate (having an ostiole, a small hole or opening), (having short, thread-like filaments that line...

completely immersed within the areoles, so that only the tiny opening (ostiole) is visible at the surface. Unlike some other Staurothele species, S. rugosa...

surface to clearly raised. Each has a tiny pore at the top (an apical ostiole). A thin, carbonised, shield-like cap (the clypeus) spreads well beyond...

diameter, and lack a papilla (a protruding tip). A distinct opening, or ostiole, is present at the top, ranging from 30 to 50 μm wide, allowing the release...

punctae or columns. Perithecia (flask-shaped ascomata opening by a pore, or ostiole) are immersed (or partially so) in the thallus. The involucrellum refers...

base in Niebla) that produces conidia, which escape through an opening (ostiole) at the top and function in reproduction, asexually or sexually Isla San...

measure 0.4–0.5 mm across and about 0.2 mm tall, and often include a lateral ostiole. The asci are about 120 by 15 micrometres (μm). The ascospores are brown...

thick; these supporting filaments remain colourless except right at the ostiole. The asci are of the Opegrapha-type—slightly club-shaped to cylindrical...

infundibula) that produces conidia, which escape through an opening (ostiole) at the top and function in reproduction, asexually or sexually Bungartz...

cortex in Niebla) that produces conidia, which escape through an opening (ostiole) at the top and function in reproduction, asexually or sexually Bungartz...

mycelium uniloculate, up to 950μm in size, being non-papillate with a central ostiole. Its paraphyses are hyaline and cylindrical. Conidiophores are absent in...

the spore-bearing surface (hymenium) partly exposed while any true pore (ostiole) is often hard to discern. The hymenium does not stain blue in iodine tests...

irregularly shaped and convoluted compartments. There is a single opening (ostiole) on top of the conidiomata that is circular, and shaped like a pimple....

rounded protrusion called a papilla that contains a circular opening (an ostiole) through which spores are released. The internal structure of the ascoma...

within the thallus and can be found on the margins or lamina with a pale ostiole. The conidia are rod-shaped and may be slightly enlarged at the apex. Chemical...

is black and glossy with a rounded top that bears a minute apical pore (ostiole) through which spores are released. A thin, carbonised cap (clypeus) merges...

hemispherical domes 0.2–0.3 mm in diameter with a pale, depressed pore (ostiole); a thin, laterally spreading involucrellum covers the upper wall. The...

periderm (bark) or on decorticated (debarked) wood. They have a short central ostiole (small hole or opening), which is circular and sometimes papillate (covered...

diameter and is unpigmented except for dilute brown colouration near the ostiole. The involucrellum (outer protective covering) varies in development, often...

homaleoides) that produces conidia, which escape through an opening (ostiole) at the top and function in reproduction, asexually or sexually Bungartz...

long as 0.15 mm, and are usually arranged in several layers around the ostiole. The asci of Trichothelium angustisporum are obclavate to fusiform in shape...

pore-like opening (ostiole) is sometimes multiple (2–3). Internally, each fruiting body has 5–10 chambers that merge into a single ostiole. The asci contain...

hemispherical warts 0.1–0.15 mm wide, each with a broad, darkened apex where the ostiole opens. In the type material they are 100–170 μm in diameter, usually one...

Trentepohlia. The lichen's perithecia are 0.5–0.7 mm wide, and have an ostiole to release spores. The ascospores are ellipsoid in shape, and muriform—meaning...

diameter), and are almost entirely covered by the thallus; only a brown ostiole (about 0.1 mm) is exposed and typically surrounded by a narrow whitish...

pycnidia which are approximately 100 × 60 μm in size, with no visible ostiole on the upper surface, the conidiogenous cells are mostly 15 × 0.5 μm, with...

fruiting bodies are perithecioid—minute, black, flask-like domes with a pore (ostiole)—very numerous, and set one-third immersed to superficial on the thallus...

remaining material may stain amyloid. Periphysoids are also present around the ostiole. The asci are bitunicate (double-walled), pyriform to clavate, with an...

to synonymy under Pyrenula. He argued that characters such as ostiole orientation, ostiole fusion, and broad ascospore types had been overemphasized in...

gray toward the top, and each has a depressed black ostiole (opening); in cross section, the ostiole appears as a black cap set slightly below the perithecial...

Pulvinodecton species, which feature a deeply divided cavity with more than one ostiole. Pulvinodecton forms a thin, crust-like thallus that ranges from greenish-...

Asexual structures (pycnidia) have a tiny pore-like opening (a punctiform ostiole) and a characteristically brain-like, lobed interior; they produce colourless...

base, like a light bulb. They contain a small pore on the top called and ostiole that allow spores to pass through. The perithecia have brown or reddish...

submerged in the thallus or protrude from it. The opening of these structures (ostiole) is centrally located. The surrounding tissue, called the parathecium,...

stromatic growth, made of both fungal hyphae and host tissue, around the ostiole (opening). In these instances the involucrellum is typically well developed...

The cystocarps are ovoid or round or slightly urceolate with a large ostiole. The tetrasporangia occur spiral series in the branches. Recorded from...

members of Pertusaria (especially when the lichen develops prominent, ostiole-like pits and swellings). Kantvilas initially suggested an affinity with...

bodies) are solitary and sessile, with a constricted base and an apical ostiole, and they lack a thalline cover. They are somewhat flattened and nearly...

becoming dome-shaped or flattened. Each perithecium has a small opening (an ostiole) located in a central bump that allows for the release of spores. Surrounding...

perithecia in Microthecium lack an ostiole (a visible opening), and also lack the specialised hairs that often surround the ostiole in ostiolate relatives. The...

carbonised perithecial walls that are covered by a thin thallus layer up to the ostiole. Racoplaca is a genus of crustose lichens that grow on living leaves (foliicolous)...

and 21 mm in diameter, and they too are lightly rough to the touch. The ostiole protrudes into a crown with numerous ciliolate bracts (bracts with "eyelashes")...

chambers where the spore-bearing sacs (asci) are housed. A minute pore (the ostiole) usually connects the cavity to the outside air, and its short lining filaments...

frequently break down as the spores mature; in some species, the pore (ostiole) is lined by short filaments called periphysoids. The spore sacs (asci)...

barely visible blackish spots with a diameter between 30 and 50 μm, with an ostiole (opening). The pycnidial cavity is filled with conidia that measure 7.2–8...

attached. Atop the ascomata is a small rounded process with an opening (an ostiole) through which ascospores may be released. The brown- to black-colored...

branchlets are borne near the tips of the branches. Cystocarps with a wide ostiole develop and Tetrasporangia appear as a spiral in the branches. Common in...

made of carbonised (charcoal-like) tissue; their singular opening (the ostiole) is often off-centre. An outer coat, the involucrellum, may completely...

2 millimetres (0.079 in) in diameter, non-papillate and with a central ostiole. Its paraphyses are hyaline, cylindrical and thin-walled. Conidiophores...

which are embedded within the thallus. These structures have a tiny pore (ostiole) at the top, which allows spores to be released. The outer layer of the...

the fruiting body) consists of periphyses (short filaments lining the ostiole or opening), while interascal filaments are absent. The gel within this...

fruiting bodies are immersed, flask-shaped perithecia with a minute pore (ostiole); they are numerous—typically 15–60 (less often up to 100) per squamule—and...

(ascomata) are 120–300 μm high by 150–350 μm wide, with a short neck, and an ostiole (opening). The neck is 15–50 μm high, 42–70 μm in diameter, cylindrical...