Share to: share facebook share twitter share wa share telegram print page

 

List of England national football team hat-tricks

A man in a suit, with a pen in his hand, sigining autographs in front of a vehicle
Geoff Hurst scored a hat-trick in the 1966 FIFA World Cup Final, which England won 4–2.

Since the inception of international association football matches in 1872, 59 England male footballers have scored three or more goals (a hat-trick) in a game. The first players to score a hat-trick for England were Howard Vaughton and Arthur Alfred Brown, both Aston Villa players; in a friendly match against Ireland in 1882, they scored nine goals between them.[1] Four players, Vaughton, Steve Bloomer, Willie Hall and Malcolm Macdonald, have scored five goals in one match. Jimmy Greaves has scored the greatest number of hat-tricks, with six. Five players, Albert Allen, Frank Bradshaw, Walter Gilliat, John Veitch and John Yates, have scored hat-tricks on their only international appearance.

In the 1966 FIFA World Cup Final, Geoff Hurst scored a hat-trick, generally considered one of the most famous of all time.[2][3][4] The most recent hat-trick was scored by Bukayo Saka in a European Championship qualifier against North Macedonia in June 2023.

England have conceded eleven hat-tricks since 1872, the most recent being scored by Zlatan Ibrahimović who scored four goals in a 4–2 defeat by Sweden in a friendly match in November 2012. Richard Hofmann was the first player from outside the Home Nations to score a hat-trick against England, scoring three times for Germany in a friendly match in May 1930. Previously only the Scottish players John McDougall, George Ker, John Smith, Robert Smyth McColl and Alex Jackson had scored hat-tricks against England.

Hat-tricks for England

Wartime internationals, not regarded as official matches, are not included in the list.
Steve Bloomer scored England's first hat-trick of the twentieth century.
A man in a white, green and blue tracksuit with a small bag under his right arm
Bryan Robson scored a hat-trick in an 8–0 victory against Turkey in 1984.
Gary Lineker
Gary Lineker scored five hat-tricks for England.
A man wearing a sleeveless football training shirt
Michael Owen scored a hat-trick against Germany in 2001.
A man in a football uniform, playing in a football match
Peter Crouch scored a hat-trick in a friendly fixture against Jamaica in 2006.
A man in a football uniform, playing in a football match
Theo Walcott scored three times against Croatia in a World Cup qualifying game in 2008.
No. Date Goals Player Opponent Venue Competition Result[a] Ref
1
 18 February 1882
5
 Howard Vaughton  Ireland Bloomfield, Belfast Friendly
13–0
 [5]
2
 18 February 1882
4
 Arthur Alfred Brown  Ireland Bloomfield, Belfast Friendly
13–0
 [5]
3
 3 February 1883
3
 Clement Mitchell  Wales Kensington Oval, London Friendly
5–0
 [5]
4
 23 February 1884
3
 Henry Cursham  Ireland Ulster Cricket Ground, Ballynafeigh, Belfast 1883–84 British Home Championship
8–1
 [5]
5
 13 March 1886
4
 Benjamin Spilsbury  Ireland Ulster Cricket Ground, Ballynafeigh, Belfast 1885–86 British Home Championship
6–1
 [5]
6
 5 February 1887
3
 Tinsley Lindley  Ireland Bramall Lane, Sheffield 1886–87 British Home Championship
7–0
 [5]
7
 4 February 1888
3
 Fred Dewhurst  Wales Nantwich Road, Crewe 1887–88 British Home Championship
5–1
 [5]
8
 7 April 1888
3
 Albert Allen  Ireland Ulster Cricket Ground, Ballynafeigh, Belfast 1887–88 British Home Championship
5–1
 [5]
9
 2 March 1889
3
 John Yates  Ireland Anfield, Liverpool 1888–89 British Home Championship
6–1
 [5]
10
 15 March 1890
3
 Fred Geary  Ireland Ulster Cricket Ground, Ballynafeigh, Belfast 1889–90 British Home Championship
9–1
 [5]
11
 25 February 1893
3
 Walter Gilliat  Ireland Wellington Road, Perry Barr 1892–93 British Home Championship
6–1
 [5]
12
 13 March 1893
3
 Fred Spiksley  Wales Victoria Ground, Stoke-on-Trent 1892–93 British Home Championship
6–0
 [6]
13
 1 April 1893
3
 Fred Spiksley (2)  Scotland Athletic Ground, Richmond 1892–93 British Home Championship
5–2
 [7]
14
 12 March 1894
3
 John Veitch  Wales Racecourse Ground, Wrexham 1893–94 British Home Championship
5–1
 [5]
15
 16 March 1896
5
 Steve Bloomer  Wales Arms Park, Cardiff 1895–96 British Home Championship
9–1
 [5]
16
 20 February 1897
3
 Fred Wheldon  Ireland Trent Bridge, Nottingham 1896–97 British Home Championship
6–0
 [5]
17
 18 February 1899
4
 Gilbert Smith  Ireland Roker Park, Sunderland 1898–99 British Home Championship
13–2
 [5]
18
 18 February 1899
4
 Jimmy Settle  Ireland Roker Park, Sunderland 1898–99 British Home Championship
13–2
 [5]
19
 18 March 1901
4
 Steve Bloomer (2)  Wales St James' Park, Newcastle upon Tyne 1900–01 British Home Championship
6–0
 [8]
20
 16 March 1908
3
 Vivian Woodward  Wales Racecourse Ground, Wrexham 1907–08 British Home Championship
7–1
 [8]
21
 8 June 1908
3
 Frank Bradshaw  Austria Hohe Warte Stadium, Vienna Friendly
11–1
 [8]
22
 8 June 1908
4
 Vivian Woodward (2)  Austria Hohe Warte Stadium, Vienna Friendly
11–1
 [8]
23
 10 June 1908
4
 George Hilsdon  Hungary Millenáris Sporttelep, Budapest Friendly
7–0
 [8]
24
 31 May 1909
4
 Vivian Woodward (3)  Hungary Millenáris Sporttelep, Budapest Friendly
8–2
 [8]
25
 1 June 1909
3
 Vivian Woodward (4)  Austria Hohe Warte Stadium, Vienna Friendly
8–1
 [8]
26
 10 February 1912
3
 Harold Fleming  Ireland Dalymount Park, Dublin 1911–12 British Home Championship
6–1
 [8]
27
 24 May 1926
3
 Frank Osborne  Belgium Kielstadion, Antwerp Friendly
5–3
 [9]
28
 11 May 1927
3
 Dixie Dean  Belgium Stadium in Molenbeek, Molenbeek, Brussels Friendly
9–1
 [9]
29
 21 May 1927
3
 Dixie Dean (2)  Luxembourg Stade de la Frontière, Esch-sur-Alzette Friendly
5–2
 [9]
30
 11 May 1929
4
 George Camsell  Belgium Stade Joseph Marien, Brussels Friendly
5–1
 [9]
31
 20 November 1929
3
 George Camsell (2)  Wales Stamford Bridge, London 1929–30 British Home Championship
6–0
 [9]
32
 2 December 1936
3
 Ted Drake  Hungary Arsenal Stadium, London Friendly
6–2
 [10]
33
 17 May 1937
3
 Freddie Steele  Sweden Råsunda Stadium, Solna, Stockholm Friendly
4–0
 [10]
34
 23 October 1937
3
 George Mills  Ireland Windsor Park, Belfast 1937–38 British Home Championship
5–1
 [10]
35
 1 December 1937
3
 Stanley Matthews  Czechoslovakia White Hart Lane, London Friendly
5–4
 [10]
36
 16 November 1938
5
 Willie Hall  Ireland Old Trafford, Manchester 1938–39 British Home Championship
7–0
 [10]
37
 28 September 1946
3
 Wilf Mannion  Ireland Windsor Park, Belfast 1946–47 British Home Championship
7–2
 [11]
38
 27 November 1946
4
 Tommy Lawton  Netherlands Leeds Road, Huddersfield Friendly
8–2
 [11]
39
 25 May 1947
4
 Stan Mortensen  Portugal Estádio Nacional, Jamor Friendly
10–0
 [11]
40
 25 May 1947
4
 Tommy Lawton (2)  Portugal Estádio Nacional, Jamor Friendly
10–0
 [11]
41
 19 November 1947
3
 Stan Mortensen (2)  Sweden Arsenal Stadium, London Friendly
4–2
 [11]
42
 9 October 1948
3
 Stan Mortensen (3)  Ireland Windsor Park, Belfast 1949 British Home Championship
6–2
 [11]
43
 15 October 1949
3
 Jackie Milburn  Wales Ninian Park, Cardiff 1950 FIFA World Cup qualifier
1949–50 British Home Championship
4–1
 [11]
44
 16 November 1949
4
 Jack Rowley  Ireland Maine Road, Manchester 1950 FIFA World Cup qualifier
1949–50 British Home Championship
9–2
 [11]
45
 14 May 1950
4
 Tom Finney  Portugal Estádio Nacional, Jamor Friendly
5–3
 [12]
46
 10 November 1954
3
 Roy Bentley  Wales Wembley Stadium, London 1953–54 British Home Championship
3–2
 [13][14]
47
 2 April 1955
4
 Dennis Wilshaw  Scotland Wembley Stadium, London 1954–55 British Home Championship
7–2
 [15][16]
48
 5 December 1956
3
 Tommy Taylor  Denmark Molineux Stadium, Wolverhampton 1958 FIFA World Cup qualifier
5–2
 [17]
49
 8 May 1957
3
 Tommy Taylor (2)  Republic of Ireland Wembley Stadium, London 1958 FIFA World Cup qualifier
5–1
 [18]
50
 22 October 1958
3
 Johnny Haynes  Soviet Union Wembley Stadium, London Friendly
5–0
 [19]
51
 28 May 1959
3
 Bobby Charlton  United States Wrigley Field, Los Angeles Friendly
8–1
 [12]
52
 19 October 1960
3
 Bobby Charlton (2)  Luxembourg Stade Municipal, Luxembourg City 1962 FIFA World Cup qualifier
9–0
 [20]
53
 19 October 1960
3
 Jimmy Greaves  Luxembourg Stade Municipal, Luxembourg City 1962 FIFA World Cup qualifier
9–0
 [20]
54
 15 April 1961
3
 Jimmy Greaves (2)  Scotland Wembley Stadium, London 1960–61 British Home Championship
9–3
 [21]
55
 10 May 1961
3
 Bobby Charlton (3)  Mexico Wembley Stadium, London Friendly
8–0
 [20]
56
 20 May 1962
3
 Jimmy Greaves (3)  Peru Estadio Nacional de Lima, Lima Friendly
4–0
 [20]
57
 5 June 1963
3
 Bobby Charlton (4)   Switzerland St. Jakob-Park, Basel Friendly
8–1
 [20]
58
 20 November 1963
4
 Jimmy Greaves (4)  Northern Ireland Wembley Stadium, London 1962–63 British Home Championship
8–3
 [20]
59
 20 November 1963
3
 Terry Paine  Northern Ireland Wembley Stadium, London 1962–63 British Home Championship
8–3
 [20]
60
 17 May 1964
3
 Johnny Byrne  Portugal Estádio Nacional, Jamor Friendly
4–3
 [20]
61
 27 May 1964
4
 Roger Hunt  United States Downing Stadium, New York City Friendly
10–0
 [20]
62
 27 May 1964
3
 Fred Pickering  United States Downing Stadium, New York City Friendly
10–0
 [20]
63
 3 October 1964
3
 Jimmy Greaves (5)  Northern Ireland Windsor Park, Belfast 1963–64 British Home Championship
4–3
 [20]
64
 29 June 1966
4
 Jimmy Greaves (6)  Norway Ullevaal Stadion, Oslo Friendly
6–1
 [20]
65
 30 July 1966
3
 Geoff Hurst  West Germany Wembley Stadium, London 1966 FIFA World Cup final
4–2
 [3]
66
 12 March 1969
3
 Geoff Hurst (2)  France Wembley Stadium, London Friendly
5–0
 [20]
67
 16 April 1975
5
 Malcolm Macdonald  Cyprus Wembley Stadium, London 1976 European Championship qualifier
5–0
 [22]
68
 15 December 1982
3
 Luther Blissett  Luxembourg Wembley Stadium, London 1984 European Championship qualifier
9–0
 [23]
69
 14 November 1984
3
 Bryan Robson  Turkey Besiktas Inönü Stadyumu, Istanbul 1986 FIFA World Cup qualifier
8–0
 [3]
70
 16 October 1985
3
 Gary Lineker  Turkey Wembley Stadium, London 1986 FIFA World Cup qualifier
5–0
 [24]
71
 11 June 1986
3
 Gary Lineker (2)  Poland Estadio Universitario, Monterrey 1986 FIFA World Cup finals
3–0
 [24]
72
 18 February 1987
4
 Gary Lineker (3)  Spain Santiago Bernabéu Stadium, Madrid Friendly
4–2
 [24]
73
 14 October 1987
3
 Gary Lineker (4)  Turkey Wembley Stadium, London 1988 European Championship qualifier
8–0
 [24]
74
 12 June 1991
4
 Gary Lineker (5)  Malaysia Stadium Merdeka, Kuala Lumpur Friendly
4–2
 [24]
75
 17 February 1993
4
 David Platt  San Marino Wembley Stadium, London 1994 FIFA World Cup qualifier
6–0
 [22]
76
 17 November 1993
4
 Ian Wright  San Marino Stadio Renato Dall'Ara, Bologna 1994 FIFA World Cup qualifier
7–1
 [22]
77
 27 March 1999
3
 Paul Scholes  Poland Wembley Stadium, London 2000 European Championship qualifier
3–1
 [22]
78
 4 September 1999
3
 Alan Shearer  Luxembourg Wembley Stadium, London 2000 European Championship qualifier
6–0
 [25]
79
 1 September 2001
3
 Michael Owen  Germany Olympiastadion, Munich 2002 FIFA World Cup qualifier
5–1
 [26]
80
 31 May 2005
3
 Michael Owen (2)  Colombia Giants Stadium, New York City Friendly
3–2
 [27]
81
 3 June 2006
3
 Peter Crouch  Jamaica Old Trafford, Manchester Friendly
6–0
 [28]
82
 10 September 2008
3
 Theo Walcott  Croatia Maksimir Stadium, Zagreb 2010 FIFA World Cup qualifier
4–1
 [29]
83
 3 September 2010
3
 Jermain Defoe  Bulgaria Wembley Stadium, London 2012 European Championship qualifier
4–0
 [30]
84
 24 June 2018
3
 Harry Kane  Panama Nizhny Novgorod Stadium, Nizhny Novgorod 2018 World Cup finals
6–1
 [31]
85
 22 March 2019
3
 Raheem Sterling  Czech Republic Wembley Stadium, London 2020 European Championship qualifier
5–0
 [32]
86
 7 September 2019
3
 Harry Kane (2)  Bulgaria Wembley Stadium, London 2020 European Championship qualifier
4–0
 [33]
87
 14 November 2019
3
 Harry Kane (3)  Montenegro Wembley Stadium, London 2020 European Championship qualifier
7–0
 [34]
88
 12 November 2021
3
 Harry Kane (4)  Albania Wembley Stadium, London 2022 FIFA World Cup qualifier
5–0
 [35]
89
 15 November 2021
4
 Harry Kane (5)  San Marino San Marino Stadium, Serravalle 2022 FIFA World Cup qualifier
10–0
 [36]
90
 19 June 2023
3
 Bukayo Saka  North Macedonia Old Trafford, Manchester 2024 European Championship qualifier
7–0
 [37]

Hat-tricks conceded by England

England have conceded eleven hat-tricks, the first five of which were scored by players from Scotland. England have lost ten of the eleven matches in which they have conceded a hat-trick; the other was a 3–3 draw against Germany in 1930.

Zlatan Ibrahimović scored four goals against England. He achieved the feat for Sweden in 2012 at the opening game of the Friends Arena.
Date Goals Player Opponent Venue Competition Result[a] Ref(s)
2 March 1878
3
 John McDougall  Scotland Hampden Park, Glasgow Friendly
2–7
 [5]
13 March 1880
3
 George Ker  Scotland Hampden Park, Glasgow Friendly
4–5
 [5]
12 March 1881
3
 John Smith  Scotland Kennington Oval, London Friendly
1–6
 [5]
7 April 1900
3
 Robert Smyth McColl  Scotland Celtic Park, Glasgow 1899–1900 British Home Championship
1–4
 [8]
31 March 1928
3
 Alex Jackson  Scotland Wembley Stadium, London 1927–28 British Home Championship
1–5
 [9]
10 May 1930
3
 Richard Hofmann  Germany Deutsches Stadion, Berlin Friendly
3–3
 [38]
25 November 1953
3
 Nándor Hidegkuti  Hungary Wembley Stadium, London Friendly
3–6
 [39][40]
11 May 1958
3
 Aleksandar Petaković  Yugoslavia Jugoslavija Narodna Armia, Belgrade Friendly
0–5
 [12]
17 May 1959
3
 Juan Seminario  Peru Estadio Nacional, Lima Friendly
1–4
 [12]
15 June 1988
3
 Marco van Basten  Netherlands Rheinstadion, Düsseldorf 1988 European Championship finals
1–3
 [41]
14 November 2012
4
 Zlatan Ibrahimović  Sweden Friends Arena, Solna Municipality Friendly
2–4
 [42]

Statistics

The following table lists the number of hat-tricks scored by English
players who have scored two or more hat-tricks.[43]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Kit unveiled". Aston Villa F.C. Archived from the original on 28 September 2012. Retrieved 30 January 2011.
  2. ^ Moore, Kevin. Museums and Popular Culture (Contemporary Issues in Museum Culture). Leicester University Press. p. 108. ISBN 0-7185-0227-2. ... probably the most famous hat-trick of all time ...
  3. ^ a b c "Hat-trick heroes". BBC Sport. 1 September 2001. Archived from the original on 19 May 2009. Retrieved 16 July 2009. Possibly the most famous hat-trick in footballing history.
  4. ^ "Legends: Bobby Moore". The Football Association. 27 December 2007. Archived from the original on 7 April 2022. Retrieved 16 November 2013. ... GeoHurst ran on to seal the most famous hat-trick in history ...
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s "England – International Results 1872–1899 – Details". Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. Archived from the original on 27 February 2015. Retrieved 21 March 2011.
  6. ^ "England 6 Wales 0 (13 March 1893)". englandfootballonline. 14 May 2018. Archived from the original on 15 November 2019. Retrieved 12 July 2018.
  7. ^ "England 5 Scotland 2 (1 April 1893)". englandfootballonline. 18 May 2018. Archived from the original on 11 July 2018. Retrieved 12 July 2018.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i "England – International Results 1900–1919 – Details". Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. Archived from the original on 26 March 2012. Retrieved 21 March 2011.
  9. ^ a b c d e f "England – International Results 1920–1929 – Details". Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. Archived from the original on 5 April 2012. Retrieved 20 July 2015.
  10. ^ a b c d e "England – International Results 1930–1939 – Details". Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 21 March 2011.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h "England – International Results 1940–1949 – Details". Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 21 March 2011.
  12. ^ a b c d "England – International Results 1950–1959 – Details". Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. Archived from the original on 25 September 2012. Retrieved 21 March 2011.
  13. ^ Townsend, Nick (10 March 2002). "Pensioner who dines out on tales of old Chelsea... at the restaurant in his name". The Independent. Archived from the original on 16 November 2013. Retrieved 16 November 2013.
  14. ^ "England's Goalscorers - Hattricks and more". England Football Online. Archived from the original on 11 November 2013. Retrieved 16 November 2013.
  15. ^ Ponting, Ivan (13 May 2004). "Dennis Wilshaw". The Independent. Archived from the original on 25 September 2015. Retrieved 16 November 2013.
  16. ^ England v Scotland 1955 video footage Archived 30 July 2023 at the Wayback Machine from Pathé News
  17. ^ Ley, John (14 June 2002). "The history of England v Denmark". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 12 November 2012. Retrieved 16 July 2009.
  18. ^ "Alan Kelly Snr". Football Association of Ireland. 5 June 2009. Archived from the original on 17 March 2016. Retrieved 16 July 2009.
  19. ^ "Johnny Haynes 1934–2005". Fulham F.C. Archived from the original on 21 November 2008. Retrieved 16 July 2009.
  20. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "England – International Results 1960–1969 – Details". Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. Archived from the original on 28 June 2011. Retrieved 21 March 2011.
  21. ^ Armfield, Jimmy (9 November 1999). "1961 England 9 Scotland 3". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 16 November 2013.
  22. ^ a b c d Moore, Glenn (29 March 1999). "Football: England make use of United effect". The Independent. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 16 July 2009.
  23. ^ Collomosse, Andrew (17 August 2006). "Watford adventure tugs at Blissett's heart". The Independent. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 17 July 2009.
  24. ^ a b c d e Shaw, Phil (22 September 1994). "Football: Lineker, the predator with mass appeal: By retiring now, the striker with the wholesome image has again shown perfect timing". The Independent. Archived from the original on 25 September 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2009.
  25. ^ Townsend, Nick (5 September 1999). "Football: Road to Euro 2000 – Shearer does the trick again". The Independent. Archived from the original on 25 September 2015. Retrieved 15 July 2009.
  26. ^ "Awesome England thrash Germany". BBC Sport. 1 September 2001. Archived from the original on 5 March 2012. Retrieved 16 July 2009.
  27. ^ Baker, Andrew (8 October 2005). "Redknapp happy to talk a good game as his new career blossoms". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 12 November 2012. Retrieved 15 July 2009.
  28. ^ "England 6–0 Jamaica". BBC Sport. 3 June 2006. Archived from the original on 31 March 2009. Retrieved 16 July 2009.
  29. ^ Stevenson, Jonathan (10 September 2008). "Croatia 1–4 England". BBC Sport. Archived from the original on 29 September 2008. Retrieved 16 July 2009.
  30. ^ "Defoe hat-trick helps England defeat Bulgaria". UEFA. 3 September 2010. Archived from the original on 16 October 2013. Retrieved 16 November 2013.
  31. ^ "World Cup 2018: England put six past Panama to reach last 16". BBC Sport. 24 June 2018. Archived from the original on 25 June 2018. Retrieved 24 June 2018.
  32. ^ "England 5–0 Czech Republic". BBC Sport. 22 March 2019. Archived from the original on 21 March 2019. Retrieved 23 March 2019.
  33. ^ "England 4–0 Bulgaria". BBC Sport. 7 September 2019. Archived from the original on 11 September 2019. Retrieved 7 September 2019.
  34. ^ "England 7–0 Montenegro". BBC Sport. 14 November 2019. Archived from the original on 19 November 2019. Retrieved 17 November 2019.
  35. ^ "England 5–0 Albania: Harry Kane scores hat-trick as Three Lions close in on World Cup place". BBC Sport. 12 November 2021. Archived from the original on 29 September 2022. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
  36. ^ "San Marino 0–10 England - visitors qualify in style". BBC Sport. 15 November 2021. Archived from the original on 18 July 2023. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
  37. ^ "England 7–0 North Macedonia - Bukayo Saka scores first career hat-trick in emphatic victory". BBC Sport. 19 June 2023. Archived from the original on 23 June 2023. Retrieved 19 June 2023.
  38. ^ "England v Germany". The Observer. 11 May 1930. Archived from the original on 29 May 2014. Retrieved 16 November 2013.
  39. ^ Glanville, Brian (17 May 2009). "Seven deadly sins of football – England v Hungary 1953-4". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 16 April 2019. Retrieved 16 November 2013.
  40. ^ Barber, David (25 November 2003). "Match of the Century". The Football Association. Archived from the original on 10 October 2012. Retrieved 16 November 2013.
  41. ^ "Five of the best". BBC Sport. 11 August 2001. Archived from the original on 17 June 2004. Retrieved 17 July 2009.
  42. ^ "Sweden 4–2 England". BBC Sport. 14 November 2012. Archived from the original on 18 January 2016. Retrieved 14 November 2012.
  43. ^ "England hat-trick scorers". EU-Football.info. Archived from the original on 18 July 2023. Retrieved 30 July 2022.
Kembali kehalaman sebelumnya