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Leptocephalus (genus)
Leptocephalus is a genus that was used for species of larval eels, called leptocephali. Leptocephali larvae differ so much in appearance from their adults. When first discovered, leptocephali were thought to be a distinct type of fish,[1] not an eel specie. Because of this, the genus designation of Leptocephalus was used for a while for an unidentified leptocephali. After it was known that these were eel larvae, it was identified to be part of a wastebasket taxon, but not anymore in the present classification system. Examples of marine congrid larvae, found in the western Indian Ocean and the Red Sea that were named this way are listed below. Only two species (L. bellottii and L. ophichthoides) in two families are currently treated as having any validity, though the validity of L. bellottii is strongly in doubt. SpeciesThere are 16 families of Leptocephalus organisms that include over 70 species.[2] They are broken down according to the species that they contain. If the species has a common name or English name, it is written after a dash. A common name can belong to many species. Family Anguillidae Leptocephalus brevirostris Kaup, 1856 – European eel Leptocephalus grassii Eigenmann & Kennedy, 1902 – American eel Family Chlopsidae Leptocephalus hyoproroides Strömman, 1896 (valid as Kaupichthys hyoproroides) Family Congridae Leptocephalus affinis Facciolà, 1883 (valid as Ariosoma balearicum) – bandtooth conger Leptocephalus candidissimus Costa, 1832 – European conger Leptocephalus capensis Kaup, 1856 (valid as Gnathophis capensis) – Southern Atlantic conger Leptocephalus conger (Linnaeus, 1758) – European conger Leptocephalus congroides D'Ancona, 1928 (valid as Heteroconger congroides) Leptocephalus cotroneii D'Ancona, 1928 (valid as Gorgasia cotroneii) Leptocephalus eckmani Strömman, 1896 (valid as Ariosoma balearicum) – bandtooth conger Leptocephalus ectenurus Jordan & Richardson, 1909 (valid as Rhynchoconger ectenurus) Leptocephalus erebennus Jordan & Snyder, 1901 (valid as Conger erebennus) Leptocephalus gussoni Cocco, 1829 – European conger Leptocephalus inaequalis Facciolà, 1883 – European conger Leptocephalus inferomaculatus Blache, 1977 (valid as Gorgasia inferomaculata) Leptocephalus inornatus Facciolà, 1883 (valid as Ariosoma balearicum) – bandtooth conger Leptocephalus lineatus Bonnaterre, 1788 – European conger Leptocephalus maculatus Della Croce & Castle, 1966 (valid as Heteroconger hassi) – spotted garden eel Leptocephalus marginatus Kaup, 1856 (valid as Ariosoma balearicum) – bandtooth conger Leptocephalus mauritianum Pappenheim, 1914 (valid as Ariosoma mauritianum) – blunt tooth conger Leptocephalus microphthalmus Beebe & Tee-Van, 1928 (valid as Ariosoma balearicum) – bandtooth conger Leptocephalus morrisii Gmelin, 1789 – European conger Leptocephalus nystromi Jordan & Snyder, 1901 (valid as Gnathophis nystromi) Leptocephalus orbignyanus (Valenciennes, 1837) (valid as Conger orbignianus) – Argentine conger Leptocephalus pellucidus (Couch, 1832) – European conger Leptocephalus retrotinctus Jordan & Snyder, 1901 (valid as Bathycongrus retrotinctus) – blackedge conger Leptocephalus rex Eigenmann & Kennedy, 1902 (valid as Ariosoma balearicum) – bandtooth conger Leptocephalus sanzoi D'Ancona, 1928 (valid as Ariosoma sanzoi) Leptocephalus scheelei Strömman, 1896 (valid as Ariosoma scheelei) – tropical conger Leptocephalus spallanzani Risso, 1810 – European conger Leptocephalus splendens (Lea, 1913) (valid as Pseudophichthys splendens) – purple-mouthed conger Leptocephalus stenops Kaup, 1856 – European conger Leptocephalus taenia Kaup, 1856 (valid as Ariosoma balearicum) – bandtooth conger Leptocephalus trilineatus Castle, 1964 (valid as Bathycongrus trilineatus) Leptocephalus vitreus Kölliker, 1853 – European conger Leptocephalus wilsoni (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) (valid as Conger wilsoni) – cape conger Family Cyprinidae Leptocephalus mongolicus Basilewsky, 1855 – Mongolian redfin Family Derichthyidae Leptocephalus ingolfianus Schmidt, 1912 – duckbill oceanic eel Leptocephalus anguilloides Schmidt, 1916 – narrownecked oceanic eel Family Eurypharyngidae Leptocephalus pseudolatissimus Bertin, 1936 (valid as Eurypharynx pelecanoides Bertin, 1936) – pelican eel Family Moringuidae Leptocephalus diptychus Eigenmann & Kennedy, 1901 (valid as Moringua edwardsi) – spaghetti eel Leptocephalus tuberculatus Castle, 1965 – swollengut worm eel Family Muraenesocidae Leptocephalus arabicus D'Ancona, 1928 (valid as Gavialiceps arabicus) Family Muraenidae Leptocephalus euryurus Lea, 1913 (valid as Anarchias euryurus) Leptocephalus forsstromi Strömman, 1896 – purplemouth moray eel Leptocephalus similis Lea, 1913 (valid as Anarchias similis) – pygmy moray Family Nemichthyidae Leptocephalus acuticeps – southern snipe eel Leptocephalus andreae Schmidt, 1912 – slender snipe eel Leptocephalus canaricus Lea, 1913 – slender snipe eel Leptocephalus curvirostris Strömman, 1896 – boxer snipe eel Leptocephalus oxycephalus Pappenheim, 1914 – avocet snipe eel Leptocephalus polymerus Lea, 1913 – boxer snipe eel Family Nettastomatidae Leptocephalus bellottii D'Ancona, 1928 (valid as Nettenchelys bellottii) Leptocephalus lateromaculatus D'Ancona, 1928 (valid as Saurenchelys lateromaculata) Leptocephalus longirostris Kaup, 1856 – blackfin sorcerer Leptocephalus oxyrhynchus Bellotti, 1883 – Facciola's sorcerer Leptocephalus saurencheloides D'Ancona, 1928 (valid as Facciolella saurencheloides) Leptocephalus stylurus Lea, 1913 – pillar wire eel Leptocephalus urosema Lea, 1913 – blackfin sorcerer Family Notacanthidae Leptocephalus giganteus Castle, 1959 – giant leptocephalus Family Ophichthidae Leptocephalus caudomaculatus Eigenmann & Kennedy, 1902 – spotted spoon-nose eel Leptocephalus crenatus Strömman, 1896 – key worm eel Leptocephalus echeloides D'Ancona, 1928 (valid as Ophichthus echeloides) Leptocephalus gilberti Eigenmann & Kennedy, 1902 – sooty eel Leptocephalus hexastigma Regan, 1916 – key worm eel Leptocephalus humilis Strömman, 1896 – key worm eel Leptocephalus mollis Fowler, 1944 – speckled worm eel Leptocephalus mucronatus Eigenmann & Kennedy, 1902 – margined snake eel Leptocephalus ophichthoides D'Ancona, 1928 Leptocephalus undulatus Strömman, 1896 (valid as Myrichthys breviceps) – sharptail snake-eel Family Saccopharyngidae Leptocephalus latissimus Schmidt, 1912 (valid as Saccopharynx ampullaceus) Family Serrivomeridae Leptocephalus lanceolatoides Schmidt, 1916 – short-tooth sawpalate Leptocephalus lanceolatus Strömman, 1896 – Bean's sawtooth eel Family Synaphobranchidae Leptocephalus dolichorhynchus Lea, 1913 (valid as Synaphobranchus dolichorhynchus) Leptocephalus proboscideus Lea, 1913 (valid as Dysommina proboscideus) Leptocephalus telescopicus Schmidt, 1913 (valid as Dysomma brevirostre) – pignosed arrowtooth eel References
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