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Kannada flag
The Kannada Flag (Kannada: ಕನ್ನಡ ಬಾವುಟ, Kannada pronunciation: [kən̪n̪əɖə bɑːʋuʈə]) is the de facto, linguistic, cultural, and ethnic flag of the Kannadigas. The bicoloured flag has two horizontal bars, yellow above and red below. Based on ancient belief, the yellow and red colours in the flag stand for Arishina kumkuma (turmeric) and kempu Kumkuma (vermilion) of Hinduism.[2] The flag is used across the world by Kannadigas for Kannada-centric programs and movements.[3] The two colours can also symbolise the rising sun: the poem "Udayavagali namma cheluva Kannada Nadu" ("Let our beautiful state arise") by Kannada poet and writer Huilgol Narayana Rao denotes the sun rising and heralded the birth of Karnataka.[4] The flag appears on the official website of the Government of Karnataka.[5][6] It is also hoisted every year by the Chief Minister of Karnataka on Karnataka Rajyotsava day.[7] HistoryThe Kannada Movement, Chaluvali, is a result of various socio-political issues that rocked the capital in the early part of the 20th century. The British established the Cantonment and brought a large number of Tamil people from the Madras province to work. When the plague killed a large number of people at the end of the 19th century, the two major textile mills in Bengaluru were closed down. After three decades, they were restarted and workers from Arcot were brought in. Added to that population were the officials in the British government who were all from Tamil Nadu. The local language was pushed to a corner as all of them were using their mother tongue. It was only in 1909 when Sir M Visverwaraya became the dewan that a Mysuru Economics Conference was established for integrated development of the Kingdom of Mysore and R H Deshpande, founder of Karnataka Vidhyavardhaka Sangha in Dharwad, suggested a Servants of Karnataka Society, similar to Servants of India Society to safeguard the interests of Kannada. This was the actual beginning of Karnataka Sahitya Parishat in 1915. Following an advertisement in the newspaper calling invitations from "painters for Bangalore municipality, knowledge of Tamil and Telugu compulsory" writer A N Krishna Rao and his band of faithful followers launched a Kannada movement. In 1962, a Bengaluru Kannadiga conference was held at the Mysuru Commerce Bhavan inaugurated by Kengal Hanumanthaiah and attended by a number of stalwarts like Gubbi Veeranna, Khadri Shamanna, M Ramamurthy, Veerakesari Seetharama Shastri, who formulated several actions plans to safeguard Kannada in the capital. Gradually the movement took the momentum and several incidents during that time shed interesting insights. For instance, when the 1963 Tamil film Kaanchi Thalaivan showed the war between Chalukya and Pallava, a scene in which the king stamps on the Kannada flag, created a lot of dissentment among Kannada activists, and a special screening was arranged at Minerva theater for all writers, artists, eminent personalities to give their opinion. There were heated exchanges of words between the exhibitors and the people. But the result was the unification of Kannada activists. In 1964, the government declared a state holiday for a cricket match between MCC and Presidents’ XI and refused to declare 1 November a holiday. Protests and subsequent developments resulted in the Rajyotsava Day being declared a state holiday. M Ramamurthy went on a Padayatra, protesting against the hoisting of flags from neighboring state parties in the capital and soon he realized Kannadigas did not have a flag to hoist. He designed a flag that was yellow, a Karnataka map, and a paddy crown in the center. Since everybody wanted a simple flag, the current yellow and red flag was adopted.[8] The yellow color represents 'Arisina' (turmeric) and the red color represents 'Kumkuma' of Bhuvaneshwari. The flag is in popular use all over Karnataka to represent Karnataka and Kannada. The Kannada Movement also has seen several agitations like The Gokak Chaluvali, demand for Bengaluru Kannada TV channel and many others. In all these agitations, the Kannada flag has been the symbol of the unity of Kannadigas.[9] In 2009, B. S. Yeddyurappa, then Chief Minister of Karnataka, issued a circular enforcing restrictions on hoisting the Kannada flag on government buildings.[10] Later, this move was challenged in Karnataka High Court in 2012 after then Chief Minister D. V. Sadananda Gowda mentioned in his budget speech that the hoisting of the Kannada flag on 1 November will be made compulsory in all government offices, schools, and colleges. See alsoReferences
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