John Marin

John Marin
John Marin by Alfred Stieglitz in 1922.
Born	(1870-12-23)December 23, 1870 Rutherford, New Jersey, U.S.
Died	October 1, 1953(1953-10-01) (aged 82) Addison, Maine, U.S.
Education	Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts
Known for	Modern art

John Marin (December 23, 1870 – October 2, 1953) was an early American modernist artist. He is known for his abstract landscapes and watercolors.

Marin was born in Rutherford, New Jersey.^[1] His mother died nine days after his birth, and he was raised by two aunts in Weehawken, New Jersey.^[2] He attended the Stevens Institute of Technology for a year, and tried unsuccessfully to become an architect.^[2]

From 1899 to 1901, Marin attended the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts in Philadelphia. In Philadelphia he studied with Thomas Pollock Anshutz, Hugh Henry Breckenridge and William Merritt Chase. He also studied at the Art Students League of New York.^[3] In 1905, like many American artists Marin went to Europe, initially to Paris.^[4] He exhibited his work in the Salon, where he also got his first exposure to modern art.^[3] He traveled through Europe for six years, and painted in the Netherlands, Belgium, England, and Italy. In Europe, he mastered a type of watercolor where he achieved an abstract ambience, almost a pure abstraction with color that ranges from transparency to translucency, accompanied by strong opacities, and linear elements, always with a sense of freedom, which became one of his trademarks.

In 1909, Marin held his first one-man exhibition at Alfred Stieglitz's 291 gallery in New York City. He had been introduced to Stieglitz by the photographer Edward Steichen, whom Marin in turn had met through the painter Arthur B. Carles. Marin's association with Stieglitz would last nearly forty years, and Stieglitz's philosophical and financial support would prove essential.^[5] From 1909 until his death in 1946, Stieglitz showed Marin's work almost every year in one of his galleries.^[6] Marin also participated in the landmark 1913 Armory Show.^[3]

Marin spent his first summer in Maine in 1914 and almost immediately the rocky coast there became one of his favorite subjects. Over the rest of his life, Marin became intimately familiar with the many moods of the sea and sky in Maine.^[6] "In painting water make the hand move the way the water moves," Marin wrote in a 1933 letter to an admirer of his technique.^[7]

Marin had a retrospective show in 1936 at the Museum of Modern Art. Late in life Marin achieved tremendous prestige as an American painter, an elder statesman of American art. In 1950, he was honored by the University of Maine and Yale University with honorary degrees of Doctor of Fine Arts.

Marin was a resident of Cliffside Park, New Jersey for many years, and also maintained a summer home in Addison, Maine, where he died in 1953.^[8] He was interred at Fairview Cemetery (Fairview, New Jersey).

John Marin was among the first American artists to make abstract paintings.^[10] Marin is often credited with influencing the Abstract Expressionists. His treatment of paint—handling oils almost like watercolors—his forays into abstraction, and his use of evocative stretches of bare canvas caught the eye of younger painters.^[11] His experience with architecture might have contributed to the role played by architectural themes in his paintings and watercolors.

The largest collection of Marin's paintings, watercolors, drawings, etchings, and photographs are at the Colby College Museum of Art, the John Marin Collection, given to the college by John Marin Jr. and Norma B. Marin. Marin's paintings are also represented in several important permanent collections and museums, including the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, the Museum of Modern Art in New York, the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, the Whitney Museum of American Art in New York, the Brooklyn Museum, the Cleveland Museum of Art, the Art Institute of Chicago, the National Gallery of Art and the Phillips Collection, both in Washington, D.C., the Fogg Art Museum in Cambridge, Massachusetts, the Currier Museum of Art in Manchester, New Hampshire, and many others. The White House acquired his 1952 painting The Circus No. 1 in 1962, <"Art in The White House A Nation's Pride", White House Historical Association, 2008.>, and it is now displayed in the Green Room. The artist's estate is represented by Schoelkopf Gallery, in New York City.^[12]

• Adelson, Warren; Agee, William C. (2008), Marin: The Late Oils, New York: Adelson Galleries., ISBN 978-0-9815801-1-1
• Balken, Debra Bricker (2011), John Marin: Modernism at Midcentury, New Haven: Yale University Press, ISBN 978-0-300-14993-7.
• Fine, Ruth (1990), John Marin, Washington, D.C.: National Gallery of Art.
• Fine, Ruth (2003), The John Marin Collection at the Colby College Museum of Art, Waterville: Colby College Museum of Art, ISBN 0-9728484-0-1.
• Gray, Cleve, ed. (1970), John Marin by John Marin, New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
• Harnsberger, R. Scott (2002), Four Artists of the Stieglitz Circle: A Sourcebook on Arthur Dove, Marsden Hartley, John Marin, and Max Weber, Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, ISBN 0-313-31488-8.
• Kertess, Klaus (1987), Marin in Oil, Southampton, NY: Parrish Art Museum.
• Marin, John (1949), Selected Writings, New York: Pellegrini & Cudahy.
• Museum of Modern Art (1936), John Marin: Watercolors, Oil Paintings, Etchings, New York: Arno Press.
• Reich, Sheldon (1970), John Marin: A Stylistic Analysis and Catalogue Raisonné, Tucson: University of Arizona Press, ISBN 9780816502660.
• Teachout, Terry (August 5, 2011). "How a Great American Painter Vanished From the Critical Scope". Arts & Entertainment. Wall Street Journal. Vol. 258, no. 30. ISSN 0099-9660. OCLC 4299067. Retrieved August 14, 2011. John Marin was once expected to stand among the greatest American painters of the 20th century.
• Tedeschi, Martha; Dahm, Kristi; Fine, Ruth (2011), John Marin's Watercolors: A Medium for Modernism, Chicago: Art Institute of Chicago, ISBN 978-0-300-16637-8.
• Utah Museum of Fine Arts (1969), Reich, Sheldon (ed.), John Marin Drawings, 1886–1951, Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press.
• Wright, Frederick Stallknecht (1955), John Marin Memorial Exhibition, Los Angeles: UCLA Art Galleries.
• Young, John Sacret (2006), John Marin: The Edge of Abstraction, New York: Meredith Ward Fine Art.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to John Marin.

• "Deer Isle" Watercolor at The Art Institute of Chicago
• Self portrait at The National Portrait Gallery
• "Two Master Under Sail" watercolor by John Marin on artnet
• Short Biography
• Exhibition: "The Edge of Abstraction"
• John Marin discussed in Conversations from Penn State interview