ISO/IEC 31010

ISO/IEC 31010 is a standard concerning risk management codified by The International Organization for Standardization and The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). The full name of the standard is ISO.IEC 31010:2019 – Risk management – Risk assessment techniques.

• identifying the risk and the reason for its occurrence
• identifying the consequences if the risk occurs
• identifying the probability of the risk occurring once more
• identifying factors that reduce the consequences or probability of the risk

The ISO 31010 standard supports the ISO 31000 standard. It supplies information as to the selection and application of risk assessment techniques.

Risk assessment is part of the core elements of risk management defined in ISO 31000, which are:

• communication and consultation
• establishing the context
• risk assessment (risk identification, risk analysis, risk evaluation)
• risk treatment
• monitoring and review

"Risk assessment is the overall process of risk identification, risk analysis and risk evaluation" (ISO 31010)

Risk can be assessed at any level of the company’s operations or goals.

There are 31 risk assessment techniques listed on Annex B of ISO/IEC 31010.

1. Brainstorming
2. Structured or semi-structured interviews
3. Delphi method
4. Checklist
5. Preliminary hazard analysis (PHA)
6. Hazard and operability study (HAZOP)
7. Hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP)
8. Toxicity assessment
9. Structured What If Technique (SWIFT)
10. Scenario analysis
11. Business impact analysis
12. Root cause analysis
13. Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA)
14. Fault tree analysis
15. Event tree analysis
16. Cause and consequence analysis
17. Cause-and-effect analysis
18. Layer protection analysis (LOPA)
19. Decision tree
20. Human reliability analysis (HRA)
21. Bow tie analysis
22. Reliability centered maintenance
23. Sneak circuit analysis
24. Markov analysis
25. Monte Carlo simulation
26. Bayesian statistics and Bayes nets
27. FN curve
28. Risk index
29. Risk Matrix
30. Cost/benefit analysis
31. Multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA)

• IEC 31010:2019: Risk management — Risk assessment techniques