On 4 October 1916, RMS Franconia, while heading for Salonika, was torpedoed and sunk by the German U-boatUB-47 195 nautical miles (361 km) east of Malta. She was not carrying any troops but out of her 314 crew members, 12 died. The others (302) were saved by the Dover Castle.[3]
Dover Castle was torpedoed by the German U-boatUC-67 on 26 May 1917, while 50 miles (80 km) north of Bône on passage from Malta to Gibraltar. The initial explosion killed seven boiler stokers, but the crew was able to evacuate the wounded onto HMS Cameleon. The captain and a small crew tried to save the ship, but she was hit by a second torpedo an hour later and sank in three minutes at 37°45′N7°45′E / 37.750°N 7.750°E / 37.750; 7.750.
Prosecution
Kptlt. Karl Neumann, commanding officer of UC-67, was tried for sinking the hospital ship at the Leipzig War Crimes Trials. The German Reichsgericht (Supreme Court) found him not guilty. Neumann admitted torpedoing the ship but pleaded that he was obeying orders issued by the German Admiralty. The German Government had asserted that the Allies were using hospital ships for military purposes and declared on 19 March 1917 that German submarines could attack hospital ships not complying with several German conditions. The court held that Neumann believed the order to be a lawful reprisal and therefore was not personally responsible for the sinking.[4]