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Háromszék County

Háromszék County
Comitatus Trisediensis (Latin)
Háromszék vármegye (Hungarian)
Komitat Háromszék (German)
Comitatul Trei Scaune (Romanian)
County of the Kingdom of Hungary
(1876-1920, 1940-1945)
Coat of arms of Háromszék
Coat of arms

CapitalSepsiszentgyörgy
Area
 • Coordinates45°52′N 25°47′E / 45.867°N 25.783°E / 45.867; 25.783
 
• 1910
3,889 km2 (1,502 sq mi)
Population 
• 1910
148,100
History 
• Established
1876
4 June 1920
• County recreated (Second Vienna Award)
30 August 1940
• Disestablished
20 January 1945
Today part ofRomania
Sfântu Gheorghe is the current name of the capital.

Háromszék (Three Seats; Romanian: Trei Scaune) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Situated in south-eastern Transylvania, its territory is now in central Romania (in the counties of Covasna, Brașov, and Bacău). The capital of the county was Sepsiszentgyörgy (now Sfântu Gheorghe).

Geography

Map of Háromszék county in the Kingdom of Hungary
Map of Háromszék, 1891.

Háromszék county shared borders with Romania and the Hungarian counties Csík, Udvarhely, Nagy-Küküllő, and Brassó. The river Olt flowed through the county. The Carpathian Mountains formed its southern and eastern border. Its area was 3,889 km2 (1,502 sq mi) around 1910.

History

Háromszék means "three seats". Háromszék County was a combination of three seats of the Székelys: Kézdiszék, Orbaiszék, and Sepsiszék (plus some villages of the former Felső-Fehér County). The county was formed in 1876, when the administrative structure of Transylvania was changed.

In 1920, under the Treaty of Trianon, the county became part of the Kingdom of Romania under the name Trei Scaune. After the Second Vienna Award of August 1940, the county was recreated with most of its historic territory as it became part of the Northern Transylvania territory of Hungary again until October 1944, towards the end of World War II.

Afterward, it became part of Romania again; its territory lies mainly in the present Romanian county of Covasna, with a small part in the south being part of Brașov County.

Demographics

Ethnic map of the county with data of the 1910 census (see the key in the description)
Population by mother tongue[a]
Census Total Hungarian Romanian Other or unknown
1880[1] 125,277 104,607 (86.57%) 15,448 (12.78%) 783 (0.65%)
1890[2] 130,008 110,799 (85.22%) 17,360 (13.35%) 1,849 (1.42%)
1900[3] 137,261 116,755 (85.06%) 19,439 (14.16%) 1,067 (0.78%)
1910[4] 148,080 123,518 (83.41%) 22,963 (15.51%) 1,599 (1.08%)
Population by religion[b]
Census Total Calvinist Roman Catholic Eastern Orthodox Unitarian Greek Catholic Other or unknown
1880 125,277 54,548 (43.54%) 41,468 (33.10%) 21,338 (17.03%) 5,029 (4.01%) 1,962 (1.57%) 932 (0.74%)
1890 130,008 55,869 (42.97%) 43,224 (33.25%) 22,529 (17.33%) 4,985 (3.83%) 2,404 (1.85%) 997 (0.77%)
1900 137,261 57,861 (42.15%) 45,681 (33.28%) 24,761 (18.04%) 5,102 (3.72%) 2,465 (1.80%) 1,391 (1.01%)
1910 148,080 60,030 (40.54%) 49,654 (33.53%) 28,077 (18.96%) 5,228 (3.53%) 3,052 (2.06%) 2,039 (1.38%)

Subdivisions

In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Háromszék county were:

Districts (járás)
District Capital
  Kézdi Kézdivásárhely (now Târgu Secuiesc)
  Miklósvár Nagyajta (now Aita Mare)
  Orbai Kovászna (now Covasna)
  Sepsi Sepsiszentgyörgy (now Sfântu Gheorghe)
Urban districts (rendezett tanácsú város)
Kézdivásárhely (now Târgu Secuiesc)
Sepsiszentgyörgy (now Sfântu Gheorghe)

Notes

  1. ^ Only linguistic communities > 1% are displayed.
  2. ^ Only religious communities > 1% are displayed.

References

  1. ^ "Az 1881. év elején végrehajtott népszámlálás főbb eredményei megyék és községek szerint rendezve, II. kötet (1882)". library.hungaricana.hu. Retrieved 28 September 2021.
  2. ^ "A Magyar Korona országainak helységnévtára (1892)". library.hungaricana.hu. Retrieved 29 September 2021.
  3. ^ "A MAGYAR KORONA ORSZÁGAINAK 1900". library.hungaricana.hu. Retrieved 29 September 2021.
  4. ^ "KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár". Kt.lib.pte.hu. Retrieved 29 September 2021.
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