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Dongxiang Autonomous County

Dongxiang Autonomous County
东乡族自治县
Autonomous county
Dongxiang Autonomous County, as seen from across the Daxia River in neighboring Linxia County
Dongxiang Autonomous County, as seen from across the Daxia River in neighboring Linxia County
Dongxiang in Linxia
Dongxiang in Linxia
Linxia in Gansu
Linxia in Gansu
Dongxiang Autonomous County is located in Gansu
Dongxiang Autonomous County
Dongxiang Autonomous County
Location in Gansu
Dongxiang Autonomous County is located in China
Dongxiang Autonomous County
Dongxiang Autonomous County
Location in China
Coordinates: 35°39′50″N 103°23′21″E / 35.6638°N 103.3893°E / 35.6638; 103.3893
CountryChina
ProvinceGansu
Autonomous prefectureLinxia
County seatSuonan
Area
 • Total1,510 km2 (580 sq mi)
Elevation
[1]
2,000 m (7,000 ft)
Highest elevation
2,664 m (8,740 ft)
Lowest elevation
1,736 m (5,696 ft)
Population
 (2020)[2]
 • Total290,034
 • Density190/km2 (500/sq mi)
 • Dongxiang people
335,500 (87.9%)
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code
731400
Websitewww.dxzzzx.gov.cn

Dongxiang Autonomous County (simplified Chinese: 东乡族自治县; traditional Chinese: 東鄉族自治縣; pinyin: Dōngxiāngzú Zìzhìxiàn; Santa: Dunxianzu Zizhixien) is an autonomous county in the Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture, province of Gansu of the People's Republic of China. It was established as a Dongxiang ethnic autonomous area in 1950.[3] Historically, Dongxiang has long been directly under the jurisdiction of Linxia. During the Republic of China (1912–1949) period, its area was divided between the surrounding counties.[4]

Neolithic bronze knife of the Majiayao Culture (3200-2000 BC), found in Dongxiang in 1978

Its population in 2020 was 381,700, 88% of whom belonging to the Dongxiang minority group. As of 1993, half of the total Dongxiang minority population lived in the county.[5][6]

At least until the end of the 20th century, Dongxiang County was very impoverished and undeveloped, having a literacy rate of just 15%, the lowest in China.[7] In 2017, it had the highest poverty rate of Gansu, already the poorest province in China.[4]

Dongxiang County has a typical Loess Plateau landscape, with numerous gullies and mountains and a dry climate.

Administrative divisions

Dongxiang Autonomous County is divided to 8 towns and 16 townships.[8]

Towns
  • Suonan (锁南镇)
  • Daban (达板镇)
  • Hetan (河滩镇)
  • Naleisi (那勒寺镇)
  • Tangwang (唐汪镇)
  • Guoyuan (果园镇)
  • Wangji (汪集镇)
  • Longquan (龙泉镇)
Townships
  • Chuntai Township (春台乡)
  • Liushu Township (柳树乡)
  • Dongyuan Township (东塬乡)
  • Pingzhuang Township (坪庄乡)
  • Baihe Township (百和乡)
  • Guanbu Township (关卜乡)
  • Zhaojiaxiang Township (赵家乡)
  • Wujia Township (五家乡)
  • Yanling Township (沿岭乡)
  • Fengshan Township (风山乡)
  • Chejiawan Township (车家湾乡)
  • Gaoshan Township (高山乡)
  • Dashu Township (大树乡)
  • Beiling Township (北岭乡)
  • Kaolei Township (考勒乡)
  • Dongling Township (董岭乡)

Climate

Climate data for Dongxiang, elevation 2,421 m (7,943 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 12.7
(54.9) 		18.9
(66.0) 		24.4
(75.9) 		27.4
(81.3) 		27.8
(82.0) 		29.2
(84.6) 		33.5
(92.3) 		31.1
(88.0) 		27.5
(81.5) 		22.0
(71.6) 		16.9
(62.4) 		13.2
(55.8) 		33.5
(92.3)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) −1.0
(30.2) 		2.3
(36.1) 		7.7
(45.9) 		13.9
(57.0) 		17.7
(63.9) 		20.9
(69.6) 		22.6
(72.7) 		21.5
(70.7) 		16.6
(61.9) 		11.3
(52.3) 		6.0
(42.8) 		0.6
(33.1) 		11.7
(53.0)
Daily mean °C (°F) −6.5
(20.3) 		−3.5
(25.7) 		1.6
(34.9) 		7.4
(45.3) 		11.4
(52.5) 		15.0
(59.0) 		16.9
(62.4) 		15.9
(60.6) 		11.6
(52.9) 		6.2
(43.2) 		0.6
(33.1) 		−4.7
(23.5) 		6.0
(42.8)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −10.1
(13.8) 		−7.3
(18.9) 		−2.5
(27.5) 		2.8
(37.0) 		6.9
(44.4) 		10.8
(51.4) 		12.8
(55.0) 		12.1
(53.8) 		8.2
(46.8) 		2.8
(37.0) 		−3.1
(26.4) 		−8.4
(16.9) 		2.1
(35.7)
Record low °C (°F) −20.9
(−5.6) 		−18.8
(−1.8) 		−16.3
(2.7) 		−10.1
(13.8) 		−6.4
(20.5) 		2.0
(35.6) 		6.4
(43.5) 		4.7
(40.5) 		−0.6
(30.9) 		−12.8
(9.0) 		−16.5
(2.3) 		−22.5
(−8.5) 		−22.5
(−8.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 5.8
(0.23) 		8.6
(0.34) 		17.2
(0.68) 		30.0
(1.18) 		63.1
(2.48) 		70.2
(2.76) 		105.6
(4.16) 		109.3
(4.30) 		72.5
(2.85) 		38.6
(1.52) 		8.4
(0.33) 		3.2
(0.13) 		532.5
(20.96)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 5.8 6.2 8.2 8.2 11.3 13.7 14.6 14.0 14.0 9.9 4.9 3.6 114.4
Average snowy days 8.3 8.1 10.1 5.8 1.4 0 0 0 0.1 3.9 6.1 5.5 49.3
Average relative humidity (%) 54 55 53 52 57 63 70 73 77 72 58 52 61
Mean monthly sunshine hours 202.3 189.6 211.8 226.6 238.6 230.0 236.6 218.4 164.9 184.7 203.2 212.7 2,519.4
Percent possible sunshine 65 61 57 57 55 53 54 53 45 54 67 71 58
Source: China Meteorological Administration[9][10]

Culture

See also: Dongxiangs

Dongxiang County is the birthplace and center of Dongxiang culture.[4] Its specialty food includes Pinghuo, a dish of steamed lamb.[11][12]

Transport

Sources

  1. ^ Weixian, Yin (1998). "Dongxiang Autonomous County (Gansu Province)". Chinese Education & Society. 31 (3): 53–76. doi:10.2753/CED1061-1932310353.
  2. ^ "临夏州第七次全国人口普查公报" (in Chinese). Government of Linxia Prefecture. 2021-06-08.
  3. ^ Schwarz, Henry G. (1984). The Minorities of Northern China: A Survey. Bellingham, Washington: Western Washington. ISBN 0-914584-17-0.
  4. ^ a b c 县情概况. 东乡族自治县人民政府门户网站 (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2020-09-27. Retrieved 2021-03-26.
  5. ^ Chuluu, Üjiyediin (1994). Introduction, Grammar and Sample Sentences for Dongxiang. University of Pennsylvania, Department of Asian and Middle Eastern Studies.
  6. ^ Du, Ruofu; Yip, Vincent F. (1993). Ethnic Groups in China. Beijing: Science Press. ISBN 7-03-003325-6.
  7. ^ Goldstein, Alice; Feng, Wang, eds. (1996). China: The Many Facets of Demographic Change. Boulder, CO: Westview Press. ISBN 0-8133-9002-8.
  8. ^ 2019年统计用区划代码 > 东乡族自治县. 国家统计局 (in Chinese). Retrieved 2022-09-17.
  9. ^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
  10. ^ 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
  11. ^ 东乡平伙. 东乡族自治县人民政府门户网站 (in Chinese). 2017-11-02. Retrieved 2021-03-26.
  12. ^ 最有家乡风情和记忆的羊肉平伙. 澎湃 (in Chinese). 2021-03-01. Retrieved 2021-03-26.
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