Colonnade Row, also known as LaGrange Terrace, is a group of 1830s row houses on present-day Lafayette Street in the NoHo neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. They are believed to have been built by Seth Geer, although the project has been attributed to a number of other architects. The buildings' original name comes from the Marquis de Lafayette's estate in France, but the series of nine row houses, of which four remain, owe their existence to John Jacob Astor, who bought the property and whose grandson John Jacob Astor III later lived at No. 424.[2] The remaining buildings are New York City designated landmarks and listed on the National Register of Historic Places under the name LaGrange Terrace. The facades remain standing on Lafayette Street south of Astor Place.[3]
The buildings each contained 26 rooms and were 27 feet (8.2 m) wide, with 15-foot (4.6 m) deep front yards, uncommon at the time.[10] Their facades were made entirely of Westchester marble and linked with a colonnade of Corinthian columns providing the homes with their current name.[11][12] The marble for the buildings was found at Sing Sing,[13] where the convicts worked to cut it for use in construction.[7]
The precise year of the buildings' construction, as well as the architect responsible are subject to some debate. The architects generally credited with Colonnade Row's design is Alexander Jackson Davis,[14]Ithiel Town, and James Dakin, who were believed to have designed the homes for the Astor and Vanderbilt families.[11] Town and Dakin are believed to have begun work on the project, which they called LaGrange Terrace, during the winter of 1831–32, during which they worked on a number of design projects. Davis is not believed to have played a role in the final construction of the building,[15] which was completed in 1833 according to the Landmarks Commission, and there are some who believe that he did not work on the design at all.[2]
At the time of their construction, Lafayette Place, which was then a cobblestonecul-de-sac,[6] was the most fashionable area in New York City and one of the first to be developed in the city's expansion north of Canal Street.[15] The upper-class demographics of the region shifted, and by 1860 Murray Hill was considered a better place to live, and the area around the former Lafayette Place fell into decline.[7]
The original buildings located at 418–426 Lafayette Place were torn down following a failed proposal in 1902 to relocate the remaining structures to Bryant Park,[19] after more than half were torn down to make room for Wanamaker's warehouse and department store.[6][20] Some of the columns and decorative parts ended up in what is now known as Delbarton School, a Benedictine boys school in Morristown, New Jersey, located on the former estate of Luther Kountze.[21][22]
Protection
The four buildings that remain, numbers 428, 430, 432, and 434 Lafayette Street, were among the first to be landmarked when New York City began doing so in 1965,[23] despite having been sub-divided into apartments and commercial properties,[6] altered and generally in poor condition.[24] The public hearings regarding the landmarking were held on September 21, 1965 at which time a number of people supported the landmarking and the owners presented no objections.[25][26][27][28] The buildings were added to the National Register of Historic Places in December 1976[29] after being nominated in August of the same year.[30]
The owners (for 428 and 430, The Casper R. Callen Trust, c/o Salon Realty) have announced plans to restore the buildings as recently as 1995.[2] However, this has not yet happened due in part to cost.[31]
^American Association for State and Local History; National Park Service (1991). National Register of Historic Places, 1966-1991: Cumulative List. p. 527.