The Black Order or The Black Order of Pan Europa are a Satanist group formerly based in New Zealand. Political scientistsJeffrey Kaplan and Leonard Weinberg characterized the Black Order as a "National Socialist-oriented Satanist mail order ministry".[1]
Origins
The Black Order was founded in New Zealand by Kerry Bolton as a successor to the Order of the Left Hand Path.[1] Bolton had connections to other Neo-Nazi Satanist groups, being the international distributor for the English-based Order of Nine Angles.[2]
In 1996, a U.S. branch of the Black Order was established.[1] In summer that year, they began the publication of a magazine, Abyss.[5] The U.S. group subsequently fell out with New Zealand's branch over the latter's acceptance of homosexual members.[5] The U.S. group considered a name change to the White Order as a result of this schism.[5]
The name "Black Order" was then adopted by ideologically similar groups around the world which had no formal connection to Bolton's group.[1] Kaplan and Weinberg described the Black Order as "a remarkably influential purveyor of National Socialist-oriented occultism throughout the world".[6]
Gardell, Matthias (2003). Gods of the Blood: The Pagan Revival and White Separatism. Durham and London: Duke University Press. ISBN978-0822330714.
Goodrick-Clarke, Nicholas (2003). Black Sun: Aryan Cults, Esoteric Nazism, and the Politics of Identity. New York: New York University Press. ISBN978-0814731550.
Kaplan, Jeffrey; Weinberg, Leonard (1998). The Emergence of a Euro-American Radical Right. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press. ISBN978-0813525648.