The Big Bethel AME Church was founded in 1847 as Union Church in Marthasville, Georgia. They changed their name to Union Church then to Big Bethel AME Church, then Bethel Tabernacle.[citation needed] At the close of the Civil War, the church spread throughout the former Confederacy, and the Bethel Tabernacle allied with the denomination, becoming Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church. Its first pastor was Reverend Joseph Woods.[1]
In 1879, the first public school for blacks in Atlanta, Gate City Colored School, was founded in the basement of the church, though it would later move to Houston Street.[citation needed]Morris Brown College held its first classes in the church in 1881 before moving to its first campus. Big Bethel was known as "Sweet Auburn's City Hall."