Argançon is located some 8 km east by north-east of Vendeuvre-sur-Barse and 8 km north-west of Bar-sur-Aube in the Orient Forest Regional Natural Park. Access to the commune is by highway D619 from Dolancourt in the north-east through the north of the commune to Magny-Fouchard in the west. Access to the village is by the D44 from Dolancourt passing through the village and continuing south to Spoy. There is also the D144 road from the village to the hamlet of Le Chanet in the north of the commune. Two thirds of the commune is farmland with the rest heavily forested in the east and the south.[3]
The Landion river flows through the commune from south to north passing through the village and continuing north to join the Aube just north of Dolancourt.[3]
The Church of Saint-Pierre-ès-Liens has a Romanesquenave and a sanctuary rebuilt in the 16th century.[6] It contains many items that are registered as historical objects: