Legislative elections were held in Indonesia on 9 April 2014 to elect 136 members of the Regional Representative Council (DPD), 560 members of the People's Representative Council (DPR) and members of regional assemblies at the provincial and regency/municipality level.[1] For eligible voters residing outside Indonesia, elections were held on 5 or 6 April 2014 based on the decision of the electoral commission of each different countries. The 2014 Lampung gubernatorial election was held concurrently.[2]
People's Regional Representative Council Level I Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah I (DPRD I)
2,112
Regency Kabupaten/Kota
People's Regional Representative Council Level II Dewan Perwakilian Rakyat Daerah II (DPRD II)
16,895
Total
19,699
Parties contesting the elections
A total of 46 parties registered to take part in the election nationwide, from which only 12 parties (plus 3 Aceh parties) passed the requirements set by the General Elections Commission (KPU). To contest the elections, all parties had to have
A branch office and branch in every province
A branch office and branch in at least 75% of the regencies or municipalities in every province
A branch (but not necessarily a permanent office) in at least 50% of the districts in every regency or municipality
At least 1,000 registered members
In addition, at least one-third of each party's candidates had to be female.[3]
Initially, all parties with seats in the DPR were to be allowed to contest the election without the need for verification, but on 29 August 2012, Indonesia's Constitutional Court overturned this provision, obliging all parties to undergo the process.[4]
The results were instrumental to the presidential election in July. The requirement for a presidential ticket had to be supported by a party or a coalition of parties winning at least 20% of the seats or 25% of the popular votes in the legislative election.
The 12 national and three Aceh parties together with their ballot numbers were:
A polling station used for the 2014 Indonesian legislative elections. The four ballot boxes are at the front, while the voting booths are at the rear.
The schedule for the elections, as determined by the Indonesian General Elections Commission is as follows:[5]
Date
Event
9 August 2012
Voter registration begins
9–15 April 2013
Registration of candidates for the DPR, DPD and DPRD
4 August 2013
Publication of final list of DPR candidates
16 August 2013
Publication of provisional electoral roll
16 March 2014
Start of election campaign
6–8 April 2014
Quiet period - no campaigning allowed
9 April 2014
Election day
7–9 May 2014
Announcement of results
11–17 May 2014
Announcement of seat allocations
1 October 2014
DPR and DPD members sworn in
Electoral system
On polling day, voters were given four ballot papers, one each for the national People's Representative Council (DPR) and Regional Representative Council (DPD) and one each for their local provincial and regency/municipality Regional Representative Councils (DPRD I and DPRD II). Candidates for the DPR and DPRDI/II stand on a party platform. The ballot papers had a section for each of the parties with the party number and symbol. Under the symbols, that parties candidates were listed. Voters could vote for just the party, or one of the candidates (or both) by punching a hole in the ballot paper with the tool provided. Candidates for the DPD stood on an individual basis, so voters need to punch a hole in the candidate's picture, ballot number or name.[6]
Allocation of seats
For the DPR election, each province was divided into between one and eleven electoral districts depending on population. Each of these electoral districts elected between three and ten members by proportional representation with a 3.5% national threshold.[6]
Once the votes were counted, the General Elections Commission eliminated any party that had failed to obtain a 3.5% share of the national vote. It then allocated seats in the DPR via a two-stage process. First, the number of votes to secure one DPR seat in each electoral district was calculated by dividing the number of valid votes by the number of seats to be elected in each district. Each party's vote in each district was divided by this amount to determine the number of seats won outright. Any party with less than this amount won no seats in this first stage. The remaining votes were then used to determine which party won any seats so far unallocated by awarding these seats to the parties with the largest remainders until all seats were allocated.[3]
For the DPD, each province returns four members regardless of size and population. The candidates for DPD stood independently. Voters were given one and only one vote. The system used is the Single Non-Transferable Vote.
Only parties with at least 25% of the popular vote or that control 20% of seats in the DPR were able to nominate candidates for the presidential election. Parties that did not achieve this percentage had to form a coalition with other parties to make up the required percentage share to nominate a candidate.[7]
Opinion polls
Numerous opinion polls have been done by many different pollsters to gauge the voting intention of the electorate. However, many of them are regarded to be unreliable.[8] The quality of polling in Indonesia varies considerably. Further, some of the polling institutions provide little information about their polling methods. Therefore, the data set out below should be treated with care.
^Tahapan Pemuilu (Election Stages)(PDF) (in Indonesian), Komisi Pemilihan Umum (General Elections Commission), archived from the original(PDF) on 15 April 2014, retrieved 24 March 2014