January 12 – The marriage of Bastam, the 8-year-old son (and eldest child) of the Ikhanate ruler of Iran, Oljaitu Khan, to Uljay Qutlugh Khatun, the 7-year-old daughter and the only surviving child of the previous Ikhanate, the late Ghazan Khan, takes place in Tabriz. The betrothal of the two children had been arranged by Ghazan and Öljaitü on September 17, 1303.
April 30 – Byzantine Emperor Michael IX Palaiologos invites Roger de Flor, Italian nobleman and adventurer, to Adrianople and has him assassinated there. Along with de Flor, 300 horsemen and some 1,000 foot soldiers who accompanied him are killed. The plan is executed by Alan mercenaries, who at that time are enlisted in the Byzantine army. The murder of the commander of the Catalan Company does not have the expected results. Not only is the Company not disbanded, but its attacks on Byzantine territory becomes more severe. The period of destruction in Macedonia and Thrace after the murder of de Flor becomes known as the "Catalan Revenge".[2]
June 27 – In recognition of the marriage of his daughter to Öljaitü the Mongol Ikhanate, Mongol Irinjin is appointed Viceroy of Anatolia. [3]
July – September
July 10 – Battle of Apros: Byzantine forces (some 6,000 men) under Michael IX Palaiologos, consisting of a large contingent of Alans and Turcopoles (Christianized Turks), attack the Catalan Company near Apros.[4] Michael orders a general cavalry charge, but the Turcopoles desert en bloc to the Catalans. During the battle, the Byzantines are defeated (with many losses from the crossbowmen) and Michael is injured but escapes the field.[5]
July 15 – King Edward of England summons a new Parliament, to assemble on September 15.
August 23 – After a three-week trial at Westminster, William Wallace is convicted of treason and of atrocities against civilians in war. After the trial, he is dragged through the streets of Smithfield in London and hanged, drawn and quartered – strangled by hanging – but cut down while still alive, emasculated, disemboweled (with his bowels burned before him), beheaded, and then cut into four parts. Wallace's head is placed on a spike above the London Bridge, and his limbs are displayed separately, in Newcastle, Berwick, Stirling, and Perth.[6]
September 15 – King Edward I of England issues ordinances for the government of the Kingdom of Scotland. King Edward issues the first commission of Trailbaston – which empowers him to appoint judicial commissions to punish crimes (such as homicide, theft, arson, and rape) and certain trespasses. Edward adds also conspiracy to the list of presentments.[7]
December 8 – At Tabriz, the Mongol Ikhanate Öljaitü receives the ambassador sent by Toqta, Khan of the Golden Horde that rules territory comprising much of what is now Russia.
December 20 – Battle of Amroha: Mongol forces (some 30,000 men) invade the Delhi Sultanate again in northern India. Sultan Alauddin Khalji dispatches a cavalry force led by Vizier Ghazi Malik, to repulse the Mongols. During the battle (somewhere in the Amroha district), the Delhi forces inflict a crushing defeat upon the invaders. Many Mongols are taken prisoner and incorporated into the Delhi army.[9]
Qian Xuan (or "Shun Ju"), Chinese official and painter (b. 1235)
References
^ abPeter Such, The Chronicle of King Pedro (Oxford University Press, 2020) p.358
^Burns, R. Ignatius (1954). "The Catalan Company and the European Powers, 1305–1311", p. 752. Speculum, Vol. 29 (4). University of Chicago Press.
^Charles Melville, "Anatolia under the Mongols", in The Cambridge History of Turkey, ed. by Kate Fleet (Cambridge University Press, 2009)
^Peter Lock, The Franks in the Aegean: 1204-1500 (Taylor & Francis, 2014) p.322
^Bartusis, Mark C. (1997). The Late Byzantine Army: Arms and Society 1204–1453, pp. 79–82. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN0-8122-1620-2.
^Armstrong, Pete (2003). Osprey: Stirling Bridge & Falkirk 1297–98, p. 88. ISBN1-84176-510-4.
^ abWilliams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History, p. 154. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN0-304-35730-8.
^Engel, Pál (2001). The Realm of St. Stephen: A History of Medieval Hungary, 895–1526, p. 129. Tauris Publishers. ISBN1-86064-061-3.
^Banarsi Prasad Saksena (1970). "The Khalijs: Alauddin Khalij". A Comprehensive History of India: The Delhi Sultanat (A.D. 1206–1526, p. 393. Vol. 5 (Second ed.). The Indian History Congress/People's Publishing House. OCLC31870180.
^Bácsatyai, Dániel (2023). "A széplelkű kamaraispán és más szerencselovagok. III. András olaszai [The Belletrist Chamber Ispán and other Adventurers. The Italians of Andrew III]". Századok (in Hungarian). 157 (6). Magyar Történelmi Társulat: 1183. ISSN0039-8098.
